What is GOST in preschool education?

Until recently, all pre-school institutions worked on a unified program for the education of preschool children, which was considered the standard of preschool education. If the teacher asked the question: "What is the GOST, and how is it presented in the kindergarten?", He was asked to study the requirements for the education of children, which were prescribed in the general program, and indicate the amount of knowledge, skills and skills to be mastered Children in a certain age group. By 2000, teachers were allowed to use a variety of programs for the upbringing and education of preschool children, which were required to be certified for further use in kindergartens. A large volume of diverse programs has created the confusion of teachers in choosing the best program for children. Therefore, "Temporary requirements" were developed for the organization of pre-school education programs, which lasted until 2009.

Currently, due to the shortage of educational institutions in the country, various types of pre-school institutions have appeared, both in municipal and private property, as well as child development centers, preparatory courses for admission of children to school, family kindergartens and other forms Associations of preschool children. All of them should provide equal opportunities for children entering the school, so they should be developed GOSTs and standards, focusing on which institutions could develop their own preschool education programs. Therefore, on March 16, 2010, the Federal State Requirements (FGT) were put in place to develop the structure of the educational program in preschool education. For these requirements, 80% of the time spent in kindergarten children learn the content of the program, and 20% of the time, educators have the right to take their own development, which will determine the priority of the pre-school institution.

The concept of GOST (standard) includes those regulatory requirements that must be learned by children at the beginning of schooling. Federal requirements shifted the emphasis from the level of knowledge to the level of education, development, and culture. What is GOST in today 's preschool education system is the basing on the general norms of physical, mental development of children that can not be changed, as children develop at the same pace as before, as laid down by nature. Over the past two years, the forms of interaction with children have changed in kindergartens: the school-less system of transferring knowledge in the form of classes has been eliminated, and the forms of uniting children on a voluntary basis in the form of reading, discussion, drafting, play, labor, research and Experimentation.

Educational activities are now implemented not on specific disciplines, as it was previously, but in four areas that should be evenly represented in the educational program: the physical direction of development, cognitive-speech, social-personal and artistic-aesthetic. If a modern teacher asks what GOST is in preschool education, then he will be offered to get acquainted with 11 educational areas, which are integrated in the kindergarten, entertaining and informative. Integration of educational areas can be carried out in a different combination: "Physical Culture", "Security" and "Health". One topic can unite the areas of "Socialization", "Knowledge" and "Labor." Personal qualities of children can develop through the fields: "Communication", "Music", "Artistic creativity", "Reading of fiction".

In order to have knowledge of what GOST, standard, FGT, teachers of preschool institutions need to constantly be aware of innovations in preschool education. This will make it possible not only to perform qualitatively pedagogical work with children, but also to be a competent specialist in the field of pre-school education, which is assessed through the system of attestation of pedagogical workers.