What is a subject and how to find it in a sentence?

The sentence differs from the word combination by the presence of a predicative kernel - the grammatical basis. It consists of the main members: subject and predicate. Syntactic analysis always begins with searching for one or two main components.

Without a predicative kernel, in which the meaning of the sentence is concluded, the sentence can not exist. Secondary members, if any, are always included in the group of the subject or predicate, that is, they depend on them syntactically.

How can we isolate the grammatical basis of a sentence?

For this, it is necessary to decide what is the subject and the predicate.

The main members are connected with each other according to the scheme: the subject and his action. In this construction, the predicate can respond to verbal questions, and also disclose a judgment about the acting person - the subject (what is the object, what he is, and so on).

In the framework of this article, we will dwell only on one of the main members of the proposal. Subjective value of the subject, on the one hand, simplifies understanding, and on the other hand introduces a certain confusion. Students often put a mental sign of equality between the objectivity of a given syntactic unit and the meaning of the noun. But this main term can be expressed differently.

As we know, the subject answers questions: "Who?" Or "What?", But, nevertheless, all parts of speech, including official ones, act in his role. The key moment for understanding what a subject is is its importance as a subject of action.

The main ways of expressing the subject:

• noun;
• Full forms of participles and adjectives;
• pronoun;
• Numeral;
• Indivisible combinations of words.

For example:

Moonlight (n.) Does not heat.

Gray (pril.) Fled through the forest.

Vacationers (prich.) Strolled along the avenue.

They (seats) will return tomorrow. Any (place) will solve this problem.

One (number) came back.

My grandmother and I will go to the dacha.

It is worth remembering that in these cases the word must be exclusively in the nominative case. If this is not so, then it means that we are not a subject, but a secondary member of the proposal:

I (Rp., P.) Was slipping into sleep (Vp, add.).

In the role of the subject can act as an infinitive, as well as immutable parts of speech:

Loving (neopref.) Country - it means to be her patriot.

"Yesterday" (people) has already passed.

"Silent" is the gerund.

In this case, words lose their original grammatical meaning (additional action, circumstances, etc.) and act as a subject. The same goes for the service parts of speech :

"To" is an alliance, and "let" is a particle.

By the way, the question of what a subject is, is closely related to punctuation. If the main terms of the sentence are expressed by nominal parts of speech (except the adjective and pronoun) or the infinitive, then it is necessary to put a dash between the subject and the predicate.

Examples:

Helping (neopr.ph.) With others is a matter of (n.) My life.

Andreev (n.) - prose writer (n.).

Seven eight (number) - forty-eight (number).

It is mandatory to put a dash before the word " this ", as well as particles " zachat " and " here ", located before the predicate. But this rule has its own peculiarities. If there is between the main members of the negation of " not ", comparative unions and uncoordinated members of the proposal, the need for any punctuation mark disappears.

So, what is a subject? First, it is one of two components of the grammatical basis. Secondly, this main member of the proposal has the value of the subject. Thirdly, any part of speech or a combination of words can be a subject.