What is a national park? Detailed analysis

The article describes what a national park is. For what they are created, than differ from reserves and what are reserves.

Nature

Life on our planet exists, according to scientists, more than 3 billion years. During this time, many biological species have changed on it - some have disappeared, others have evolved, and still others have been exterminated by man. It's the same with plant life: it has undergone many changes and there are species of it that need protection to protect themselves from total extinction.

Since the times of the industrial revolution and mass industrialization, the amount of wild and untouched nature is gradually decreasing. The reason for this was deforestation, extraction of minerals, hunting, etc. Gradually, at least in the European part of our continent, the number of cities increased. This is happening at such a fast and massive pace that starting around the middle of the 19th century, in many countries it was decided to create green zones and national parks in the city. So what is the national park, what are its tasks and how does it differ from the reserve? In this we will understand.

Definition

To begin with, let's look at the terminology. According to the official definition, a national park is a special natural area in which, for the purpose of its preservation, part or all of the economic activities, hunting or other anthropogenic interference are prohibited. But at the same time visiting of national parks is allowed by tourists or simply nature lovers. Naturally, provided that the rules are not violated. For example, you can not leave garbage, damage vegetation, animals, build bonfires, etc. So now we know what a national park is. But for what, besides ecological tourism, such protected natural areas are created?

Meaning

National parks are created not only for regulated tourism or visiting. Usually such a status is obtained by those natural zones in which there are objects that have scientific, cultural or aesthetic significance. They often carry out various research works, excursions for students of educational institutions and so on. Sometimes such parks also have historical value. For example, they are relic forests with unique vegetation or places where important processes for a particular region or for all of humanity once occurred. So we figured out what a national park is.

But still, they are the most popular among the common people just as places where you can join nature, do light tourism and have a good time. And an important role in this is the absence of garbage, which is full of any forests close to people.

Also, national parks are an effective measure of the preservation of some important or special areas of nature from cutting down, settling people and disturbing their natural balance in the animal world. But when the task is to save the site of nature and its inhabitants in its original form or restore their population, the reserves come to the aid. What is this and what are the reserves different from parks? In this we will understand.

What is a national park and nature reserve?

The definition of the national park has been considered, now the turn of the reserve has come. So what are their differences?

Reserves are forests, water areas and other natural areas in which any human activity, including a visit, is completely prohibited, in order to preserve the flora of the fauna or restore their population. However, in some reserves visitors are still allowed, but only as part of the excursions, which are accompanied by experienced huntsmen, who follow the order.

In simple terms, the purpose of the reserve is to preserve a certain natural zone and prevent people from interfering. Needless to say, hunting, cutting down and other destructive occupations in them is completely prohibited, and scientists follow the natural balance. Various research work is also carried out in the reserves.

So we have dismantled the definition of the reserve, and what is the national park of Russia - we will consider further. The first of them were formed even in the times of the USSR, and now there are specially protected ecologically clean territories in virtually every region of our country. The most famous of them are "Pleshcheyevo Lake", "Losiny Ostrov", "Curonian Spit".

Conclusion

The organization and preservation of national parks and reserves is an important task, since the anthropogenic factor has a strong impact on the animal and plant world in our time. So, only in the last century dozens of species were destroyed. And a serious role in this was played by poachers who penetrate into the reserves and are engaged in shooting rare or endangered species of animals whose skins, horns, hoofs and meat are then resold at fabulous prices.

So now we know what a national park is. Examples of their existence can be found on all continents, and in Russia there are 47 of them. All of them are valuable in their own way, they are in different regions and it is especially interesting for scientists and tourists.