Why and how is the puncture of the thyroid gland.

Already had become traditional the concept of goiter, which is the growth of the thyroid gland in size, by its nature can arise in several forms. Also happens such as tumor, hyperplastic, inflammatory or immune. With all these forms of goiter, the volume of surgical treatment will be different, which varies from removal of part of the gland to complete resection. Therefore first of all it is necessary to make a differential examination between all kinds of diseases of the thyroid gland. Differentiate these diseases can only be done in the morphological study. At the same time, a cytologic examination of the site of this gland will be mandatory in order to clarify the diagnosis. For this, a puncture of the thyroid gland under ultrasound control will be taken.

What is the puncture of the thyroid gland.

Its task is to insert a needle into the knotted site in order to have a thyroid biopsy under ultrasound control and aspirate the contents of this node under aseptic conditions. Thyroid gland puncture is a procedure that is performed almost painlessly (even without anesthesia) and carries a minimal risk of developing any complications. And the small nodes of the anterior cervical surface, which occur extremely rarely, do not require treatment and almost always pass by themselves.

Indications for performing a puncture biopsy of the thyroid gland or aspiration fine needle biopsy of the same gland under ultrasound control are:

- nodes of the thyroid gland of all possible structures, sizes, and uniformity;

- complex and multicameral cysts;

- ectopic (located atypically), additional thyroid (aberrant);

- a sternal struma (a pathology of an arrangement shchitovidki);

- recurrent goiter (this is when after repeated treatment repeated changes in the thyroid gland began);

- inconsistency of the ultrasound of the data and the clinic of the disease;

- disputed interpretation of ultrasound results, mutually exclusive and contradictory results of surveys;

- metastatic lesion of cervical lymph nodes, with uncertainty of the source of metastases;

- preliminary cytological testing, before carrying out minimally invasive procedures, for example, sclerosing of any kinds of thyroid cyst ;

- with diffuse growth of the thyroid gland for the detection of thyroiditis Hashimoto.

Also puncture of the thyroid gland under ultrasound control also has contraindications:

- Decompensated disturbance of the blood coagulation system;

- diseases associated with a violation of the transparency of the vascular wall (DVS syndrome), in cases where the risk of the procedure is greater than its informativeness;

- a patient's firm refusal to perform a puncture;

- mental illness of the patient in the acute stage.

Clinical signs that indicate a significant risk of poor quality of thyroid nodules are:

- The age of the patient, which varies less than twenty and older than sixty years;

-male;

-reduction of the neck and head in history;

-if the size of the knot is more than 3.5 centimeters;

- women suffering for a long time swelling of the mammary glands and genitals, as well as some inflammatory diseases;

-Multiple operated patients (recurrent goiter);

-the gene having a hereditary predisposition to dysfunction of the reproductive organs and parts of the gland, as well as to tumors.

From all the above written it follows that the doctor sets the indications for treatment only after all the necessary examinations. Such examinations are: anamnesis of the disease and complaints, symptoms (clinical data), blood test results (for the detection of hormones) and ultrasound of the same gland, as well as a puncture biopsy of the thyroid gland.