What are national states

A man at all times was a herd. Contrary to popular belief that each of us can exist completely apart from their own kind. Of course, the presence of consciousness in a person affects his way of life and the ability to obtain any good. However, the social component forces each of us to realize their activities exclusively among such beings. In other words, "herd" is inherent in people at a subconscious level. This factor affects not only everyday life, but also many global processes. For example, the desire and desire of grouping in groups in ancient times determined the creation of states. Because these structures are huge in size social formations.

It should be noted that states are not overwhelmingly homogeneous. All of them are endowed with one or another of the features. The most interesting and unusual for today are countries of a national character. As practice shows, there are practically no national states in the pure state in the 21st century, but in a small number they exist. Therefore, in this article we will try to understand what these structures represent and what characteristic features they possess.

Country - concept

Before considering the fact that national states represent themselves, it is necessary to understand the classical form of this term. It should be noted that for a long time scientists could not come to a common opinion about the creation of the concept of the presented category. However, after a certain amount of time, it was possible to create the most classical theoretical and legal model of the state. According to it, any power is an independent and independent organization that is endowed with sovereignty, and also has developed mechanisms for coercion and management. In addition, the state establishes a regime of order in a certain territory. Thus, what we are accustomed to calling our country, is a complex socio-political mechanism that not only regulates, but also coordinates the activities of its society.

The main features of the state structure

Any legal phenomenon has characteristic features. On them you can determine its essence, as well as understand the principles of action. The state in this case is not an exception to the rules. It also has a whole system of characteristic features. Among them are the following:

- Presence of the main guidance document, for example, the constitution.

- The managerial and coordinating nature of power.

- Presence of property, population and its own separate territory.

- Presence of organizational and law enforcement structures.

- The existence of its own language.

- Presence of state symbols.

In addition to these characteristics, some economic, social and political factors can also be attributed.

National state

As the author stated earlier in the article, the powers are not identical in their structure and characteristics. That is, there are structures that are significantly distinguished among themselves. These are today the national states. Such structures are a constitutional-legal form of a classical power. The term "national" is used to emphasize the fact of expressing one's will on a particular territory by a particular nation. In other words, in such states, the ethnic question is placed on the forefront. That is, the will of not all citizens is expressed, namely, a separate, completely homogeneous nation, which is united through a common language, culture and origin.

Signs of national countries

Any modern national state, like other forms of such social associations, has its own characteristic features. In this case, it should be noted that, in addition to the general features of the state, national countries have a number of their own. They include the following, namely:

- the means of all official communications in any form is the national language;

- there is a separate system of national symbols that are accepted and fixed in official documents;

- national states are countries in which there is a monopoly on the process of taxation;

- in the legislation of such countries there are no exceptions for individual social groups or minorities;

- there is a stable national currency;

- free access to the labor market, as well as availability of guarantees for all citizens without exception;

- an indivisible and unified system of public education for all;

- harsh propaganda of patriotic ideals;

- national interest prevails in foreign policy;

Thus, national states are quite specific and complex structures that have a number of characteristic features. At the same time, there are very few such powers in the pure state for today. The number of national states is less than 10% of the total number of existing countries.

Historical preconditions for the emergence of national powers

The formation of national states did not happen chaotically. The emergence of such structures had a fairly orderly nature. That is, the direct formation of national states did not happen immediately. If you look at history, then this phenomenon was preceded by a series of specific events. For example, states in the classical form began to appear only after the Peace of Westphalia, concluded in 1648. It marked the end of the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. In addition, this agreement brought to the world the principles of the rule of law, independence and sovereignty of states. Thus, in international relations, new, mostly politico-legal, rather than feudal structures began to take part. Also the great influence on the formation of national states was exerted by the collapse of papal dominion in Europe. The Holy Roman Empire is actually collapsing, and a new class is beginning to emerge on the political arena - the bourgeoisie. In the XIX century, the development of nationalist ideas, which, in fact, led to the formation of national states.

Nationalism and the further process of formation of ethnic powers

In its essence, nationalism is an ideology, as well as a specific direction in politics. Its adherents consider the nation to be the highest level of social unity in a particular country. In addition, it is the nation that is the key factor in the process of creating the state. But this concept is purely theoretical. The political component of the issue shows the desire to defend the interests of a certain ethnos. The nationalist idea began to develop actively in the twentieth century. In some cases, politicians abused views of a similar nature to seize power. An excellent example of this is Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. However, nationalism in this form is perceived negatively enough by the world community, which was proved by the results of the Second World War. But this does not mean that, to date, national states do not exist at all.

Such powers exist and operate quite efficiently. As practice shows, in such countries the regulation of public relations is more centralized and more practical. After all, when the population is homogeneous, it is more convenient to control it. The system of nation-states has been formed practically all over the world. In most cases, they function on the basis of religious norms, etc.

Modern national countries

The role of national states in the modern world is not as great as it was, for example, in the middle of the twentieth century. In most cases, many modern countries, especially in Europe, combine in their composition a lot of people belonging to one or another ethnic group. Thus, the classical forms of homogeneous states are extremely rare. However, they do exist. The majority of states are Muslim and African countries. This is due to a number of specific factors. First, in such states, the traditional regulator of society is the traditional religious teaching. And in Africa there are places where primitive rules still reign, which, in turn, regulate important political and national issues of individual states of the continent. Of course, in terms of preserving culture, traditional and religious countries are an excellent tool for organizing this process. But, as a rule, the political life in them is extremely meager. Such social formations are at the stage of deep conservatism, and also sufficiently constrained in more political issues. This is the main problem of the national state of the presented direction. However, the nationalist question in the traditional and religious powers is of paramount importance, which is due to the isolation and remoteness from the Western and European world. This allows us to maintain economic stability, a relatively unchanged level of social life, and also ensures that the foreign element does not enter the country's activities.

If you look at the European states, because of their multinationality, they very often fall into crisis situations. Therefore, the concept of ubiquitous adoption of migrants does not always positively affect the political stability of these countries.

Society and national state

A large number of scientists studying the problems of ethnic powers very often think about the role of society in them. It should be noted that the latter category is key in the process of formation and development of the countries represented in the article. After all, on the basis of the homogeneity of society, the state can be ranked as a national. Thus, the population is a key characteristic of ethnic countries. At the same time, the homogeneity of society should be determined not only by language or by a legal criterion, which will be discussed later, but also by a common culture, and, most importantly, by the place of origin. In this case, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of nation and citizenship. The second category shows a structured legal relationship between a person and a country. In turn, the nation characterizes, as already indicated, a common culture, belonging to one ethnic group, language and social awareness.

Criteria for determining the national power

Taking into account all the features presented in the article, it can be concluded that all national states can be assessed from the point of view of certain criteria. It is they who will testify to whether the country is an ethnic structure. According to many scientists, there are two main criteria, namely:

1. Legal.
2. Numerical.

In the first case, the national type of state is fixed at the level of the constitution. That is, in the basic law there are special norms that determine the key role of the homogeneous population in the state. As for the numerical criterion, it consists in the real part of the ethnically homogeneous population among the whole mass of people living in the territory of the state.

The National Question of Russia

To date, there are many statements that Russia is a national state. Contrary to popular belief, this is not so. First, the Russian Federation is a federation. This means that a large number of ethnic groups and ethnic groups live in this territory. Secondly, within the Russian Federation there are territorial areas, national ideas of which are different from state ones. For the political component this is an extremely negative factor. Because the Russian national states in most cases have their own vision of the Russian political regime. Therefore, ethnic fragmentation often plays an extremely negative role. However, given the federal arrangement, this can not be avoided.

So, in the article we considered the concept, key features and how the creation of a national state in the world was taking place. In conclusion, it should be noted that such powers are quite a serious level of civic consciousness. In most cases, it positively affects the political state of the state. Therefore, the ethnic homogeneity of the population must be controlled and maintained.