Vine mite - methods of struggle. Mite felt grape, zuden

Grapes, like any other garden culture, are affected by parasites and insect pests. So, on the bunches, shoots and leaves of the plant you can find aphids, beetles, fleas and up to 60 varieties of a variety of mites. But most often in the country plots and gardens, where the vine grows, there is a grape tick. The methods of fighting this parasite are very simple. We will tell about them in this article.

Meet: a felt tick, or a toothache

The tick of the grape is a harmful insect-parasite that inhabits everywhere where the grapes grow. It occurs in Africa, North America, and Central and Southern Europe. During the wintering period, it is hidden mainly in the cortex (if there are cracks), in the scales of the kidneys and in the fallen foliage. In total, one such affected kidney can live up to 1000 mites (mostly female).

From the moment of swelling and budding, the grapes itch moves to the leaves and begins to feed on the juice of the plants. During food, this insect secretes saliva, which contains a substance that helps to accelerate the growth and division of cells. As a result, its enzymes, when in direct contact with the leaves of the grapes, lead to deformation of the structure of the foliage. Such a disruption of the structure is displayed in the form of large and small bubble-shaped oval bulges that appear on the outside of the leaves.

On the inner side of the leaf, infected with a tick, a peculiar white coating appears, resembling a fluffy felt. Initially, this coating has a beige or white color. Later they get red and brown in places.

What does the itchy grape look like?

It is almost impossible to examine the zudna with the naked eye, since the felt grape mite has a very small size. Only with a multiple increase can you see that the body of the tick is similar to the light or yellowish larva of the worm. The length of the female corresponds to 0.16-0.20 mm, and the male - 0.14 mm. On the insect's abdomen there are numerous small setae in the front and rings with spinules behind and in the middle of the body.

Female tick is able to give up to 7-12 generations of parasites throughout the year. Eggs of pruritus have a transparent structure, an oval shape and their size is 0,038 x 0,058 mm. Find the eggs of an insect, like his own, you can under bloated buds and under a white coating from the back of the affected leaves.

What is the danger of an itch for the harvest of grapes?

It is known that a grape itch from the leaves is able to move to a young ovary, shoots and flowers of grapes. Consequently, other parts of the vine are affected . If the affected areas of grapes are not treated in a timely manner, it is fraught with its death and a decrease in the yield as a whole.

In addition, a tick of this type is able to carry viruses that are dangerous for grapes, negatively affecting the ripening of the fruit, the state of the root system, leaves, which can eventually lead to the death of the vine.

How to get ahead of the affected leaves of grapes?

In order to find out if the vine struck your grape leaf in your garden, you need to pay attention to the leaves. It is worth looking at the reverse side of the foliage, because the front part of it at the first stage of infection has no visual deformation in the form of hilly hills. However, it is possible to notice the tick by the secondary sign - by the presence of white terry plaque on the underside of the leaf.

What is it: an itch or mildew?

The primary signs of infection with mites in grapes often coincide with those of other parasites. For example, often zudna can be confused with mildew. Recall that this is a very unpleasant and dangerous for plants fungal disease. According to preliminary information, it was accidentally brought to France from America in early 1878. From there, it gradually spread to vineyards throughout Europe.

If you pay attention to the mildew infected with grapes, leaf diseases of such a plan affect the upper and lower parts of them. On the surface of the foliage, you can see characteristic yellowish spots the size of a penny or more. On the reverse side of the leaves there is a distinctly prominent white fuzz - it's a mycelium. It is because of him inexperienced gardeners and put the "wrong diagnosis". How can you tell if it's an itch or a mold deposit?

Identify a variety of parasitic effects on the plant can be through simple actions. So, if you hold your fingers over the white coating formed on the lower surface of the sheet, and it is erased, then you are most likely dealing with mildew. If, with a similar action, the fluff is not erased, it is a grape tick. Methods for dealing with this parasite will be discussed below.

How to distinguish grape itch from leaf phylloxera?

Grape itch is a parasite, which can also be easily confused with a phylloxera, or leaf aphid. Previously, he was brought from America, and first appeared on European vineyards. At the moment, aphids selectively treat their own food and prefer to settle on the leaves of predominantly Asian and European varieties of grapes. Thus, a leaf phylloxera affects such grape varieties as White-pink, Altai white, Damask rose, Dubinushka and others. Also aphids can appear on some American types of grapes. What do aphids and pruritas have in common?

In addition to the fact that the object of attack of both parasites is grapes, leaf diseases of a similar type have some other similarities in common. For example, with defeat and itching, and aphids on the vine leaves, you can see deformed areas, similar to swellings or blisters. Such swells are called galls. And it is in them that the larvae of phylloxera develop. In advanced cases, blisters are formed not only on the leaves, but also on stems, cuttings, and antennae.

Unlike aphids, the zuden forms smaller and more rare blisters. In phylloxera they are more frequent and large, resembling blisters or warts. If you want, you can crush them with your fingers.

Grape mite: methods of fighting

In order to get rid of the tick, it is necessary to fight it in time. However, the whole difficulty in hounding insects lies in the fact that it settles on the reverse side of the sheet, and not on its surface. Therefore, using specialized chemicals, it is necessary to spray foliage on the back side. Experienced gardeners recommend using colloidal sulfur for this purpose .

To do this, you need about 10-50 g of sulfur. You can also use such drugs from grape mites as "Fufanon", "Neoron", "Carbophos", "Tivit-Jet", "Fiori", "Talstar", "Kinmiks", "Omayt", "Vertimek", "Aktellik " and others.

In addition, the kidneys that have not yet been opened need to be sprayed with a solution of the diluted Nitrofen in water from the account of 200 g of chemical substance per bucket of water. Further it is recommended to process blossoming buds. It is best to do this at the time of stretching the kidneys. At this very time they reach a length of about 4-6 cm. It is recommended to treat them with a sulfuric solution. It is prepared from the calculation of 100 g of substance per bucket of water.

How many times is it necessary to process grapes?

Processing of grapes from diseases and pests should be carried out depending on the degree of infection of plants, as well as on the variety of pests and diseases themselves. So, to save the grapes from the mite follows, applying a two-fold treatment with an approximate interval of 10-12 days.

And for the best result, twice a day to process the grape leaves on both sides. The recommended spraying time is 10:00 (the first) and 22:00 (the second).

Preventative measures against itching in the garden

Processing grapes from diseases and pests is, of course, an important point in getting rid of a grape tick. However, timely prevention of infection with this parasite is more important. In addition, it is very simple. First, it is necessary to monitor the destruction of autumn foliage and pruning of vines and vines. Secondly, in preventive measures it is recommended to treat grapes in hot summer days with such preparations as BI-58, Neoron or Akarin.

What pests are dangerous for grapes?

In addition to such a parasite as a grape tick (the methods of combating it we described above), in the garden you can meet other pests. One of the most repulsive and impartial insects is a beetle, or a grape flea. He is dangerous because, in addition to grapes, he likes to profit from other plants.

Visually it is similar to a miniature cockroach in black color and with a body length of not more than 3-4.4 mm. Oviparous. Eggs are laid by the female beetle and fixes them on 10-30 pieces on the inside of the leaf.

Combating leafhopper, as well as combating grape itch, is associated with the treatment of plant kidneys with special insecticidal solutions. For example, "Fufanon" and "Iskra" are used for this purpose.

The second malicious parasite resembles a butterfly - it is a grape miner moth. It can produce up to two or three generations per season. It feeds mainly on leaves, which, like other pests, lays eggs. Small caterpillars later creep out of the eggs, which creep along the entire perimeter of the sheet and in the course of their movement they make in it elongated courses called mines. To eliminate moths, as a rule, systemic insecticides are used . For example, it can be "Confidor".

Another known insect pest is a grape mosquito. Its size is only 2 mm. By itself, the mosquito is not harmful. Great harm is caused by its larvae. An adult insect specimen can lay up to 100 eggs at a time. After about 9-10 days of them appear larvae, which begin to greedily eat leaves of grapes. In the places of the life of the larva, warts are formed. You can also get rid of a mosquito with the help of insecticides.

In addition, on leaves, stems and roots of grapes, you can meet other pests, for example, weevils, zlatku, leaf roller, mites, thrips, chervets and cicadas.