Vertical milling machine, its device and purpose

For the present time, it is very common to use parts of a complex configuration in various branches of machine building-the forming surfaces of dies, molds, gears, copiers and many others. The main methods of manufacturing such complex products are the following: casting, stamping and cutting. But only mechanical processing by milling makes it possible to achieve surface parameters close to the specified ones, which considerably shortens the finishing time.

Often, the vertical milling machine acts as the optimal and even the only possible equipment for processing flat products of complex configuration. This is especially true in modern conditions of transition of the majority of machine-building enterprises to small-scale production.

The technological process, in which a vertically-milling machine is the main aggregate for the manufacture of parts of a complex profile, in this aspect is also the most economically justified. This avoids unnecessary costs of energy resources and production capacity. In our time, there is generally a steady trend towards the universalization of any industrial production.

Typical process technology for processing surfaces of complex configuration consists of the following operations: blanking, milling and finishing. The latter, as a rule, is performed manually, which makes it extremely labor-consuming. Therefore, a high class of surface cleanliness, which allows to achieve a vertical milling machine, greatly facilitates finishing operation and improves the quality of the product. Thus, this unit minimizes material costs, which is extremely important in a market economy.

The vertical milling machine is designed for performing various, mainly metal-working operations with end, cylindrical, shaped, angular and other mnogoreztsovymi tools (cutters). These machines process various planes, grooves of any section, gears, models of dies, frames, corners and other parts from non-ferrous metals and their alloys, various grades of steel and cast iron.

Vertical milling machine is characterized by the presence of a vertically spindle, which in many models is able to move along its own axis and rotate in a horizontal plane, which greatly expands the technological capabilities of the unit. The spindle head is located at the top of the frame, which also contains the gearbox. The main working movement of the machine is the rotation of the spindle.

The main structural units of the vertical milling machine include the following: gearbox, frame, skids, console, spindle and divider heads. The latter is an extremely important element, since it turns the workpiece into the required angle for processing. In addition, the dividing head ensures continuous rotation of the workpiece while milling the screw grooves.

Now in industry there is an increasing use of vertical milling machine with CNC. A distinctive feature of such modern equipment is that all kinds of feeds in them are controlled by signals that are recorded on a magnetic tape. Emerging in the windings of special coils, these signals are then fed through the traction motors to the machine feed screws. Such control provides the jeweler precision of processing.