Vasily Surikov, "Boyarina Morozova" (picture). Description of the picture of Surikov "Boyarynya Morozova"

Vasily Ivanovich Surikov - a famous and talented artist whose paintings are known to a huge number of art connoisseurs, was born in 1848 in Krasnoyarsk. One of the most famous of his canvases is the picture "Boyarina Morozova". Surikov finished his work on it in 1887.

Creativity of Vasily Ivanovich

Seven large paintings on historical themes were left to us by this creator. Over each of them he worked for several years. This includes such masterpieces as "The Morning of the Strelets Execution", "Visiting the Princess's Nunnery", "The Conquest of Siberia by Yermak Timofeevich", "The Suvorov Crossing the Alps", "Menshikov in Berezovo", "Stepan Razin" and, of course, the picture of V. I. Surikov "Boyarynya Morozova". This work is considered the best in his work.

In the history of art there are certain images to which different artists periodically return, and each interprets them in its own way. For example, the image of Ivan the Terrible. And there are such as Boyarynya Morozova. Represent it differently than it was done by Vasily Ivanovich, it is simply impossible.

The image of a woman in a painting representing the Old Believers

The seventeenth century, when this woman lived, is the time of the reign of Tsar Alexis Mikhailovich, who was called "the quietest." In part this nickname was given for its mild character, on the other hand, for religiousness and to some extent it is also a title that characterizes the fidelity of his government.

After a troubled time, the country needed peace and stability. And this is exactly what was lacking in the first place. In different parts of the empire, the service was conducted in different ways. There was a departure from the original canons. To unite this into a single whole, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich takes the Greek church as a model. We must carefully look at the work that Surikov created. "Boyarina Morozova" - a picture that immediately shows the key moment - the gesture of this woman. The famous two-aperture.

In the Old Believers, the two-faced symbolizes the earthly and heavenly nature of Christ. Subsequently, it was replaced by a tripartite, which represents the Trinity. In the opinion of the Old Believers, it is precisely the two-aperture that best conveys the meaning of the earthly incarnation and death of Christ, for it was not the Trinity that was crucified on the cross, but one of its essences: God is the son.

Too much space at the bottom of the canvas

Tolstoy received a lot of emotions after seeing the first masterpiece that Surikov created. "Boyarina Morozova" - a picture that can not but cause delight. But nevertheless he made a remark to him that at the bottom of the canvas a very large space. To this Vasily Ivanovich pointedly pointed out that if he was removed, the sleigh would stop.

The development of the movement to a certain point can focus the viewer's attention only on such special effects. And then the whole depth of the idea is lost. He can move to the background. Therefore, the artist needs absolutely opposite methods of stopping the movement, which are clearly visible in the picture.

"Boyarynya Morozova", Surikov. The artist's picture in stages

Of course, everything seems clear and understandable in the finished work. To see this movement, you need to compare the canvas with the first sketches. There the boyar was written by him in profile, she sits on a large chair. You can make such a comparison that in the preparatory sketches there is no such dynamics, which is already present in the finished work.

There are several elements that convey the movement, which is remarkable if you carefully study the description of the painting by Vasily Surikov ("Boyarina Morozova"). The author clearly shows the running boy on the left side of the picture, the handrails of wooden logs, which are rapidly shrinking.

Creating an Image of Motion

By the way, one discrepancy, inconspicuous to the common man's simple eye: such sleds can not go, they immediately fall apart. But it is thanks to this wedge that Vasily Ivanovich creates a rapid dynamic, which abruptly stops at one glance at the crowd.

Another stop symbol is the strict vertical of the hand, which always slows down the movement, while the diagonal transmits the dynamics. In the right part of the picture one can see the sister of Morozova, Princess Urusova, who slowly moves behind her sleigh.

Achieving that they move, Surikov solves one of the most important problems of a meaningful form. In process of movement the internal communication between each character and the noblewoman opens. The degree of the most diverse and contrasting states is determined. There is fright, pity, fear, sympathy, mockery, curiosity.

This is truly a great masterpiece, on which Surikov worked. "Boyarina Morozova" - a picture that conveys the maximum number of emotions. Even when the creation of the work was originally going on, Vasily Ivanovich first wrote the whole crowd, and only then began to look for the image of the boyaryni. And finally finding, in his opinion, the perfect sketch, he rewrites Morozov's face from the picture. And then, according to the author, she won all.

Creating an image of a woman in a sleigh

Its face is represented in the form of a strict profile. At the same time, Vasily Ivanovich wrote her extremely pale. The woman's dress is shown in sharp contrast with the pallor of the face. Like the figure of Morozova - it's a black triangle, contrasted with the surrounding crowd.
There is still a lot of unexplored and interesting in this story, which Surikov wrote. "Boyarina Morozova" - a picture that represents not only the emotional crowd, but also as if specially singled out two seated people. It's the heroine and the holy fool. And even Morozova's gesture echoes his gesture. It would seem that the same symbolic sign, but in fact it has different meanings. While the boyarynya calls for a battle with a war cry, this gesture of the hand, the holy fool expresses a blessing.

If you compare the first sketches and etudes of Vasily Ivanovich, when he wrote from a sitter sitting on the snow, you can see the person in the rags of a beggar. And in the final version, which was placed in the picture, it is really a holy fool, possessing an inner incredible impulse.

Another image highlighted in the work

This is the image of a girl in a yellow kerchief, which symbolizes the purity of the girl, as it echoes the golden color present on the icon behind her. She just made a deep bow to the ground. It is clearly shown that the edge of the scarf leaned on her neck. Perhaps this is a hint of adherence to the old faith, because by a new principle all earthly obeisances have been replaced by the belt.

And between the wanderer and the girl in a yellow kerchief, a young nun is seen who pushes her neighbors with her hands, peeks out from behind a young hawk to see Morozova. Framed by a black handkerchief pale face separates her from a number of standing girls, whose faces are full of blush and life, and the clothes sparkle with colorful jewelry sewing.

A delightful and unique masterpiece, created by Vasily Surikov, is "Boyarina Morozova". The description of the picture with words can not convey its true beauty and uniqueness. Every character present on it deserves special attention, as the work on each of them was very painstaking and responsible. Just such works as the painting "Boyarina Morozova, Surikov was able to convey to his descendants a sample of a true, inimitable work, which for many years will delight and delight many generations.