Types of fluorescent lamps, device, application

Fluorescent lamps are gas discharge devices that operate on mercury vapor. Visible light comes from the luminographs. Fluorescent lamps are often installed in office premises. They can also be found in schools and kindergartens. The advantages of the models include high light output and a long service life. It is also important to note that devices with various shades are on the market.

However, there are drawbacks in the models. First of all, this is a chemical hazard, since the devices contain mercury. In this case, the light is not very pleasant for the human eye. Disposal of fluorescent lamps can be made only at special enterprises. It is also important to mention the ruled spectrum. After a while, the light output of the lamp can drop significantly.

Device model

The fluorescent lamp consists of two or three electrodes. They connect with each other with a throttle. The light of the fluorescent lamps comes from the luminographs. As a rule, they are used rare earth type with winding. The socles are available in various diameters. Glass tubes are installed with a ring. A fluorescent lamp requires a starter. Also in large rooms they are switched on via special ballasts.

Kinds of lamps

To date, there are different types of fluorescent lamps. First of all, low and high pressure modifications are distinguished. Also, the separation is carried out by the type of socle. The lamp series E14 and E27 are produced. Another division of the devices is according to power. The specified parameter ranges from 5 W to 40 W. Depending on the color reproduction, many lamps are produced. In order to understand this issue in more detail, it is necessary to consider specific markings.

Low-pressure devices

These types of fluorescent lamps are often used to illuminate garages. In this case, there are many modifications on the market with two electrodes. The power of the models ranges from 5 to 10 watts. Mercury is used in small quantities. Luminescents are established only of rare-earth type. A glass tube is attached to the cartridge. By diameter, it can differ. The protective layer is absent in many models.

The light output of the devices depends on the power of the fluorescent lamp. Many consumers install modifications in office premises. On the market are devices mainly with E14 socles. For their operation, throttle type starters are required. The minimum permissible temperature of the models does not exceed -15 degrees. Thus, it is not practical to use them in open areas.

Modifications of high pressure

Daytime lamps of this type are appreciated for high color flow. The service life of some models is 15 thousand hours. There are many devices with three electrodes on the market. Luminometers are mainly used with winding. Directly the tubes are used with protective rings. The diameter of fluorescent lamps may vary.

The protective layer is often used in the phosphoric type. The plinths are used with both E14 and E27 markings. Lamp (fluorescent) 36W high-pressure minimum temperature withstand -20 degrees. The work of the cathode largely depends on the color rendering of the model. The time of ignition of lamps of this type does not exceed three seconds.

Devices with E14 cartridges

These kinds of fluorescent lamps are in demand at industrial facilities. The average power of the models is 15 watts. In the market there are many modifications with two electrodes. Compact fluorescent lamps are different. In this case, the phosphor is suitable only for the rare-earth type. The body itself is made of glass.

Mercury is located near the anode. The operation of the starter depends on the stability of the network. The minimum permissible temperature of fluorescent lamps is -15 degrees. Plinths are often installed in a pin type. The maximum permissible temperature of these fluorescent lamps is +45 degrees. The average ignition time is five seconds. It is also important to note that the limit pressure indicator does not exceed 130 Pa. The protective layer in many lamps is missing.

Models with cartridges E27

The specified lamps of illumination (luminescent) perfectly approach for schools and kindergartens. Modifications are made mainly with two electrodes. Direct connection is carried out through chokes of different conductivity. Luminescents are installed under cartridges. The plinths are only of the pin type. The luminous flux, as a rule, does not exceed 200 lm. The mercury consumption of the models is quite high.

It is also important to note that the market has a lot of fluorescent lamps with a double coating. Starters are often used throttle type. Lamp fluorescent E27 minimum temperature allows at -15 degrees. The average ignition time is three seconds. The service life of models fluctuates around 10 thousand hours. However, in this case, much depends on the manufacturer.

Devices with a power of 18 W

Lamp (fluorescent) 18W is suitable for garages and storage facilities. There are many models with two electrodes on the market. The mercury consumption is insignificant. In this case, the luminographs are applied only to the rare-earth type. The plinth is of the pin type. Starters are used for the operation of fluorescent lamps. Also on the market are sold for models of special ballasts. However, it is important to note that they are quite expensive. The service life of models in this case depends on many factors. The average ignition time is four seconds.

The work of the cathode is closely connected with the luminograph. At high frost, it is forbidden to include fluorescent lamps. The protective layer in many models is made of phosphorus. Throttle starters are used quite often. The maximum permissible temperature of fluorescent lamps fluctuates around -35 degrees. It is also important to note that there are modifications with inductors on the market. They are set selenoidal type. A distinctive feature of the modifications can be called a long service life. However, they have very little mercury consumption. The minimum frequency of luminescent is 25 kHz. By the color rendition of the model is different.

20 W models

These kinds of fluorescent lamps are very popular. First of all it should be noted that the models are used for office premises. The plinth is most often installed with the E14 marking. The minimum permissible temperature of the models is -14 degrees. Glass tubes are produced in various diameters. The ignition time is on average three seconds.

The maximum allowable temperature of fluorescent lamps is 45 degrees. Inductors for fluorescent 20 W lamps are rarely installed. The mains voltage of the models is 220 V. Large overloads of the device will not stand. The minimum frequency of fluorescent lamps is at 20 kHz. The average current is 0.4 A. The protective layer is absent in many models.

Application of 40 W lamps

Lamp (fluorescent) 40 W suitable for large rooms. The devices with different color are introduced. The service life of models on average is 15 thousand hours. On the market, as a rule, devices with two electrodes are sold. It is also important to note that the starters are only of the throttle type. The plinths are installed in series E 27. The luminous flux of the modification does not exceed 230 lm. The mercury consumption depends on the parameters of the luminograph and the dimensions of the fluorescent lamp. The glass tube itself is filled with a mixture of argon and krypton.

The protective layer is often phosphoric. The luminous efficiency of the models is 300 lm / W. Shells are used only in a closed type. The minimum frequency of the models is 23 kHz. Devices operate from a network with a voltage of 220 V. Inductors are used only toroidal type. The minimum permissible temperature, as a rule, does not exceed -20 degrees. Amalgam is not used in the production of these fluorescent lamps. The maximum pressure they can withstand at 130 Pa.

Models for garages

Fluorescent mercury-containing lamps for garages are produced in various capacities. On the market are sold models with two and three electrodes. Glass tubes are used with ferrite rings. Operate devices from throttle starters. The mercury consumption depends on the parameters of the luminograph. The average light flux does not exceed 400 lm. The service life of these lamps is 13 thousand hours.

It is also important to note that the devices can be operated from ballasts. However, they are quite expensive. The protective layer is often used in the phosphoric type. Remote starters for models are not suitable. The minimum frequency does not exceed 20 kHz. Shells are used only as a closed type.

Kitchen units

Fluorescent mercury-containing lamps for kitchen areas are made of different capacities. In the market there are many modifications with protective layers. The color of the device is different. The plinth is of the pin type. The devices operate from remote and throttle starters. In this case, the ballasts are very rarely used. The average power of the models is 15 watts. The maximum pressure can not withstand at 120 Pa. The luminous flux of such modifications does not exceed 330 lm.

The parameter of the limiting frequency depends on the inductor. It is used most often as a toroidal type. The minimum permissible temperature is -20 degrees. Built-in starters for fluorescent lamps are not suitable. The time of ignition of models varies from three to ten seconds. Luminescents are used rare-earth type. The mercury consumption of the models is insignificant. The glass bulb in the devices is filled, as a rule, with argon. However, in some cases krypton is used for this purpose. Phosphates in this case are not suitable.

Models for illumination of advertising constructions

Fluorescent lamps for advertising highlights have a high light output. This indicator, as a rule, is 120 lm / W. Installed devices with two electrodes. Luminators in this case are suitable only with windings. Directly the cap is used screw type. Models from ballasts operate. However, if we consider low-power models, then they are suitable for remote starters.

The three-component layer makes it possible to use fluorescent lamps in any weather. Built-in starters for devices do not fit uniquely. The minimum permissible temperature is no more than -30 degrees. On average, the ignition time is equal to ten seconds. However, the minimum frequency is 26 kHz. Devices with toroidal-type inductors are rare. Disposal of fluorescent lamps can be made only at special enterprises.

Lamps for office premises

Fluorescent lamps for office premises are made of high power. Cartridges for them are suitable only for the pin type. The mercury consumption in this case depends on many factors. In particular, the type of the luminograph should be considered. Some companies produce only rare earth analogues. The allowance for such models is quite high. The plinths are used with the marking E14 and E27.

The three-component layer allows the models to be used in different weather conditions. Throttle starters are well suited for these fluorescent lamps. The average ignition time is four minutes. The minimum frequency of devices is 23 kHz. Remote starters on the market are rare. It is also important to note that the luminous flux depends on the power of the model. Glass tubes in this case are made exclusively with clamping rings.

Devices for housing

Fluorescent lamps for the home are made with inductors. There are many models of different capacities on the market. For convenience, cartridges are made of a pin type. Shells are used in a closed type. The maximum permissible temperature of fluorescent lamps is -30 degrees. The ignition time does not exceed ten seconds. The work of the cathode in this case depends on the luminograph. Modifications with windings are rare. As a rule, remote starters are not installed on fluorescent lamps of this type.

Modifications for bathrooms

Luminescent lamps of this type are manufactured only with toroidal inductors. There are many modifications on the market with two electrodes. The mercury consumption is insignificant. It is also important to note that the models are manufactured with conventional glass tubes. Luminescents are used rare-earth type. The minimum frequency is 34 kHz.

Remote starters for models are not suitable. Most often you can find throttle analogs. Their luminous efficiency is 230 lm / W. Argon is used directly in the tube. Some fluorescent lamps have a phosphoric protective layer. The maximum permissible temperature is 40 degrees.

External lighting devices

Fluorescent lamps of external lighting are rare on the market. The maximum pressure they are able to withstand at 350 Pa. It is also important to note that there are modifications with two and three electrodes. If we consider the first variant, then they use rare-earth luminographs. In this case, the mercury consumption is insignificant. The plinth is most often used in the E14 series.

If we consider modifications to the three electrodes, they are distinguished by increased resistance to frost. The minimum frequency parameter is 23 kHz. The enclosure is of a closed type. The work of the cathode is closely related to the light output. The protective layer is often made of their phosphorus.

Modifications for museums

Luminescent lamps for museums are produced with a capacity of 13 and 16 watts. The plinth of them is of the pin type. As a rule, modifications with two electrodes are presented on the market. The limiting pressure they are able to withstand 100 Pa. Directly in the tubes is argon gas. The service life of such models is very large. The minimum permissible temperature does not exceed -10 degrees. Starters for devices are selected remote type. Inductors are rarely used. It is also important to note that this type of fluorescent lamps are manufactured with a two-layer protective coating.

Models with the marking 530

Daytime lamps 530 are produced with throttling electrodes. The indicator of the light flux at them is at the level of 200 lm. Directly the luminescence is used with a winding. In this case, the tube is of small diameter. The mercury consumption in the model is low. Directly the maximum pressure of the device is maintained at 130 Pa. The luminous efficacy of the modification is 150 lm / W. The base is in this case provided for class E14. The maximum permissible temperature is 45 g. For storage facilities, these lamps fit well.

Lamps 640

The lamp (luminescent) 640 is made with a rare-earth phosphor. In this case, two electrodes are used. There is not much mercury directly. The plinth is provided with a pin type. This fluorescent lamp works from the remote starter. Control gears are rarely used. It is also important to note that the model has an inductor. For garages and warehouses, the models are suitable. However, a power of 10 watts is not enough for schools and kindergartens.

Use of lamps labeled 765

With the marking 765, the fluorescent lamp is suitable for living quarters. The power of the models is 13 watts. In this case, the tubes are filled with argon. In total, the model has two electrodes. Directly the luminescence is used with a winding. The base is provided in class E14. The mercury consumption in the model is quite large. A two-layer coating is used to protect the tube.

The service life of this fluorescent lamp is 15 thousand hours. A starter for operation of the device will require a throttle type. The maximum permissible temperature is 45 degrees. The shell is provided in a closed type. The modification is connected via a pin-type cartridge.

Lamps 840

Fluorescent lamps 840 are produced with a frequency of 23 kHz. They work from a network with a voltage of 220 V. However, to turn on the fluorescent lamp requires a throttle starter. The light output of this model is 210 lm / W. The power parameter is 24 W.

The phosphor is used with a winding. The luminous flux of this fluorescent lamp is 240 lm. The mercury consumption in the model is small. The service life is, as a rule, 13 thousand hours. The remote starter for the model will not work. The inductor in the presented fluorescent lamp is not provided.