Types and forms of ownership. Content and main features

In accordance with the Russian Constitution, the rights to private, municipal, state and other forms of property are recognized and protected in our country.

The enterprise in its essence is a kind of property complex, the purpose of which is to implement it by the founders at their own risk and risk of entrepreneurial activity. As a rule, the enterprise includes equipment, inventory, debts, rights and claims, as well as all types of property. In the Civil Code of the Russian Federation such types and forms of ownership are distinguished, such as economic societies and partnerships, state and municipal enterprises and production cooperatives.

Types of ownership and forms of management:

1) A full partnership leads all types and forms of ownership. It includes persons who carry out their activities on the basis of the treaty that will be concluded between them. The responsibility they bear is unlimited, which, in fact, means the loss of their property in the event of failure or failure of the enterprise.

2) The partnership in the faith is slightly different from the first type of management, since in addition to the main participants it includes investors who do not take part in the activities of the enterprise. As for liability, the depositors risk only their own financial contributions to the company, and the participants bear the same unlimited liability as participants in the first form of management.

3) Limited Liability Company or LLC. The main people in it are persons who share all the capital among themselves, in accordance with the constituent documents. As the name implies, they risk only their contributions made.

4) Types and forms of ownership are also subdivided into societies with additional responsibility. As a rule, they are owned by either several persons or one person. The initial starting capital is divided into the shares that the founders are at risk, but in addition they also bear subsidiary responsibility.

5) Joint Stock Company. Owners of this type of enterprise are shareholders, that is, owners of shares, both ordinary and preferred. The owner is even the one who has only one share of the company. The risk is realized only within the limits of the value that was paid for a specific number of shares. In the event of a bankruptcy of a firm, its property will be divided among the owners in the order of the queue and in accordance with the number of shares they own.

6) The next of those who represent types and forms of ownership will be a production cooperative. It is a voluntary association of citizens and is based on their membership and, first of all, labor participation, with the introduction of initial contributions as starting capital for starting a firm's activities. Such a production association in most cases is engaged in economic activities.

7) The state and municipal unitary enterprises are quite another matter. These are, as a rule, commercial organizations that do not have the right to own property, without securing property for their owner.

Land can be in both individual and personal possession.

In our country there are the following types of ownership of land:

1) The right to own private property of a legal entity.

2) The right to own private property of an individual.

To this I would like to add that at the moment the right to property in foreign countries is an absolutely independent type of law.