The Volyn region. The center of Volyn region. Volyn Region - map

Volyn region (the map of Ukraine, shown in this article, demonstrates its location) is located in the north-western part of Ukraine, in the Polesie zone. The northern part borders on Belarus (the Brest region), the eastern part - with the Rivne region, the southern part - with Lviv, and the western part - with Poland.

Volhynia is a historical place, since time immemorial important actions have been performed in the history of Russia, sometimes tragic and difficult. Such an eventful destiny of the region could not but affect its external appearance, leaving no trace in the form of architectural and historical sights, which in Volhynia number more than eight hundred.

Relief and climate

The terrain is mostly flat. Most of the territory is located within the Polesie lowland, and the smaller part is located on the north-western outskirts of the Volyn Upland, which is cut off to the north by a ledge of 20-60 meters. The Volyn region is characterized by a temperate continental climate. Winter here is mild, summer is warm. The average temperature in January is minus 4.5 degrees Celsius, in July - plus 18.6 degrees. Precipitation is 550-600 mm per year. In the northern part of the region, the Pripyat River flows . The right tributaries of this waterway (Turia, Styr and Stokhod) cross the region from south to north. On the border with Poland, another river flows - the Western Bug. In total, over 130 rivers flow through the territory of the region, their total length is more than three thousand kilometers. All waterways belong to the basins of the Western Bug and the Dnieper. Most water bodies originate outside its territories. The map of the Volyn region (Ukraine) is replete with images of rivers and streams.

Geography

Soils of the forest-steppe part of the Volyn region are podzolized gray and dark gray, as well as chernozems. Polesskaya part is characterized by sod-podzolic, as well as various marsh (including peat). The middle belt is sod-podzolic and humus-carbonate (the most fertile). The Volyn region is conditionally divided into three zones - the forest-steppe, the South Polessky and the North-Volga. The first two are located in the Volyn-Podolsk Upland. North-Volga occupied more than 75 percent of the region. The peculiarity of this zone is a flat lowland covered with swamps and forests. Volyn has large reserves of mineral-raw natural resources - coal, carbonate rocks, peat, natural gas, sapropel, but most of them have no industrial significance.

Volyn region: districts

The region is divided into sixteen administrative districts: Vladimir-Volynsky, Gorokhovsky, Ivanichevsky, Kivertsovsky, Kovelsky, Kamen-Kashirsky, Lokachinsky, Lutsky, Lyubeshovsky, Lyubomsky, Manevichsky, Ratnovsky, Rozhyschensky, Starovyzhevsy, Turiysky and Shatsky. In total, there are 1087 settlements in its territory, including 1054 rural, 33 urban, including 22 urban settlements and 11 cities. The Volyn region (Lutsk - administrative center) has four cities of regional significance (Lutsk, Kovel, Vladimir-Volynsky, Novovolynsk) and seven cities of regional importance (Gorokhov, Berestechko, Kamen-Kashirsky, Lyuboml, Kivertsi, Ustilug and Rozhishche).

Economy

The main branches of the region's specialization are agriculture, transport and industry (mainly food). The leading economic sector is the agro-industrial sector, which provides half of the aggregate product. So, agriculture has taken a course towards specialization in the livestock sector of the meat and dairy industry, in addition, to the production of sugar beets, potatoes, grains and vegetables. Manufacturing of industrial products employs 167 enterprises. The main branches are food, fuel, chemical and mechanical engineering. Volyn region enterprises produce bearings, water meters, control devices, machines for fodder production and livestock, plastic products, linoleum, ruberoid, fabrics, bricks, furniture, canned food, pasta, sausage, confectionery and vodka products and much more. The private sector has nearly four thousand small businesses and thirty thousand physical entrepreneurs. Due to this, a tenth of the working population of the Volyn region is employed. Small enterprises of the region produce almost ten percent of products, provide the fifth part of budget revenues at all levels.

Industry

The raw materials base of Volyn is represented by the following minerals: natural gas, coal, phosphorite, copper, construction chalk, construction stone, helium, sapropel. In addition, I mine brick-tile raw materials, peat, glass and construction sand, cement raw materials. The food industry of the region is represented by more than fifty enterprises, the flagships of this branch are Vladimir-Volynsky, Gorokhovsky, Gvidavsky sugar factories. The machine building complex is headed by OOO Lutsk Bearing Plant, an industrial center in the Volyn region. He is a monopolist in the production of needle and tapered bearings. Another unique machine-building plant is JSC "Electrothermometry", it produces more than eighty percent of various counters in Ukraine. Among the enterprises that produce building materials, it is possible to note "Lutsk Cardboard and Ruberoid Combine".

Agriculture

Volyn region is famous for its milk and meat cattle breeding and plant growing (sugar beet, grain, flax, potatoes). Commodity producers of agricultural products maintain economic ties with many countries of the CIS, Western and Eastern Europe. The following goods are exported: dry milk, sugar, meat products and others. As a negative, we can note the continued tendency to reduce the number of goats, sheep and cattle.

Population

Recently, an insignificant increase in the population in Volhynia has been recorded, in contrast to other regions of Ukraine, where the number of people continues to decline every year. The demographic situation in the region differs from the all-Ukrainian higher birth rate and lower mortality rate. As a consequence, the natural population decline, the birth rate exceeds the natural decline in the population.

The national composition in the homogeneous area is 95 percent of Ukrainians. In the large cities of Volhynia, the proportion of Ukrainians on the background of the total number is somewhat reduced, and in the regions opposite, it reaches 99 percent. The share of Russians, in general in the region, accounts for four percent. Belarusians, Czechs, Poles, Germans, Slovaks and representatives of other nationalities live here.

Religions

Volyn region is characterized by a dominant religious trend - Orthodox Christianity. The confessional structure of which is represented by the predominance of the communities of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, the share of the Kyiv Patriarchate is much lower. It can be noted that the Old Believer communities are completely absent from the territory of the region, and the unitarity is insignificant.

It's interesting to know

1. "Volynian miracle". In the Manevichevsky district near the village of Okonsk in a small lake there are Okonskie springs. What are they? These are two very powerful healing springs that beat year-round, they do not freeze even in the worst frosts. Surprising is the fact that this healing water does not lend itself to carbonation.

2. Karst Lake Svityaz, located near the township Shatsk (Volyn region), has a maximum depth of fifty-four meters. It is the deepest in Ukraine.

3. In Zimny Svyatogorsk Orthodox Monastery you can see the unique miraculous icon of the Mother of God. It is considered one of the most powerful shrines of the Christian church, which miraculously disappeared during the Soviet period.

4. F. Kaplan was born in Volynia, who in August 1918 committed an attempt on the leader of the world proletariat, VI Lenin. It is interesting that, on the recommendation of Dmitry Ulyanov (Lenin's brother), Kaplan was sent to the Kharkov Eye Clinic in 1917, where she was given a successful operation and restored her eyesight. And a year later she commits a terrorist act.

5. In the fifteenth century, during the reign of King Vytautas, here, in Lutsk, there was a congress of the greatest rulers of Europe. They discussed the possible threat from the Ottoman Empire.

6. On the denomination of 200 hryvnia next to Lesya Ukrainka there is an image of the Lubart Castle in Lutsk.

7. In Kovel there is the largest monument to the poet Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko. Its weight was twenty tons, and the height is more than seven meters, it is set on a four-meter high hill.