The main economic indicators of the enterprise as a criterion for determining the concept of an integrated structure

Large-scale investment activity involves creating the necessary economic conditions for concentration and resource mobilization. This causes the emergence of agents of industrial and commercial activities, various in organizational and legal forms and complexity, corresponding to the level of the market, determining the main financial indicators of the enterprise, including the parameters of effective capital flow to profitable spheres. The most consistent with these criteria are the systems of economic entities in the form of corporate structures.

To denote such economic agents in domestic and foreign literature, definitions are used: "integrated", "business group", "corporation", "group of enterprises", which also determine the main activity of the enterprise.

As the integration phenomena in the economy increase, the basic economic indicators of the enterprise's activity increasingly tend to consolidate and integrate capital. So, at the present stage the leading role in the development of economies is played by large industrial groups, the result of which is the basis of the gross domestic product of many countries. The investment activity of companies acquires more and more global proportions and is expressed not only in the creation of new industries, but, more often, in the acquisition of existing companies (M & A) or the creation of joint ventures, the formation of various alliances (SA) that significantly change traditional basic economic indicators Activity of the enterprise.

Despite the rather high percentage of failed mergers and acquisitions, and the creation of alliance structures, transnational corporations (TNCs) continue to increase the volume of investments and intend to maintain this strategy in the future, thus affecting the main economic indicators of the enterprise.

Currently, direct investments by TNCs are implemented in three main ways, which represent two different models of company development: organic growth (FDI Green Field), as well as transformational growth (M & A and SA). At the same time, the second option accounts for more than 2/3 of all FDI of TNCs

The main economic indicators of the company's activity in the framework of such models show that, despite the large-scale practical implementation of integration deals, the theoretical development of their various forms is still insufficient. In modern economic theory there are no generally accepted definitions of the above concepts. None of these terms is defined in the existing legislative branch. The development of integrated structures requires their clear definition, the identification of classification characteristics.

Signs of the classical integrated structure (IS) are: a single ownership of factors of production, product and income, which forms the economic basis of the integrated structure and ensures the control of the enterprise at the price of the products (services) produced in the market; A high level of centralization of management and unified production parameters.

In foreign practice, the defining feature of integrated structures is often the existence of a single leadership and a multi-level nature of the organization. Distinguish the core and subsidiary enterprises, which are at different levels of the associated connection: close, polite and loose. The core of the IS is a parent company representing a large-scale enterprise or a holding company with a controlling interest. The company of close connection is a subsidiary company, a block of shares (or a controlling stake) of which is held by a holding company. Polytechnic communication companies are companies, the share of participation in which is in the hands of the parent company. Enterprises of loose communication are economic units connected with the parent company or with participants of close ties by stable cooperation relations. If there is only a parent company, without close ties, one can not speak of an integrated structure.