The main cause of the accident. The main causes of road accidents and measures to prevent them

From the point of view of road safety, Russia is one of the most unfavorable countries. Many factors contribute to this state of affairs. The traffic police regularly publish statistics on the most common causes of accidents, which allows to develop more effective measures to avoid road accidents with tragic consequences. At the same time, the main cause of an accident changes almost every year. So, if until recently specialists called the main trouble on our roads drunkenness at the wheel, today inadvertent pedestrians and violent traffic policemen in the person of sober motorists can compete for the leading positions. There are other significant factors that lead to an accident, but everything in order.

Categories of causes of accidents

If in simple terms to approach the nature of the accident, it will be a situation on the road, which arose with the participation of at least one car and caused damage to property or damage to health. Based on this, it can be concluded that the main groups of causes of accidents can include not only the drivers themselves and pedestrians, but also the conditions in which the road surface is operated. Employees of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate identify the following categories of causes of accidents:

• Drivers. This group includes all violations of rules by motorists, as a result of which accidents occur. For example, it may be speeding or the same driving in a drunken state.
• Pedestrians. Strange as it may seem, this category also includes about 9 other dangerous actions of pedestrians on the road, in addition to the familiarity of many people in transition in the wrong place. Among them, a quick exit due to obstacles, traffic near transport, etc.
• Conditions on the road. This group can include poor visibility and insufficient quality of roads.
• Transport. Problems with the technology itself also become the cause of the accident. For example, if there are technical problems with the management, this increases the risk of an accident.
• Cyclists. This group of participants in the movement is also a danger. Riders may not comply with the sequence in the stream, suddenly leave on the roadway, etc.

Once the main categories are defined, it is worthwhile to consider in more detail the main causes of accidents in Russia in the order of their prevalence.

Over speed

Non-compliance with the speed limit is regularly the main factor that leads to unpleasant consequences on the road. In particular, such accidents occur as a result of the impact on pedestrians and obstacles, as well as collisions with other vehicles. As a rule, a loss of controllability of the car is predicted by the accident, which can lead to overturning, skidding, departure from the roadway and other consequences with a sad outcome. The most difficult situations are accidents in conditions of poor visibility, if the traffic participant exceeds the speed and collides on the oncoming lane with another car.

Driving in a drunken state

The development of strict measures to combat drunkenness has made it possible to reduce the number of accidents caused by alcohol somewhat. Nevertheless, statistics on such cases are still not very comforting. In addition, in some regions it is drinking at the wheel - the main cause of the accident, which leads to other violations of traffic rules. By the way, the already mentioned excess speed is allocated for a separate reason, while it is the drunken state of the driver that can act as the initial factor of such a violation.

Unsatisfactory road quality

One of the oldest topics in the discussion of Russia's global problems is the roads. The usual situation, when the notorious bump becomes a dangerous factor, because of which the car spontaneously makes a trip to the oncoming lane. The state of affairs is diminished by the fact that road services are practically not held to account for such flaws in coatings. However, the main cause of road accidents is not so much as roads, as in their infrastructure. Organization of traffic lights, applying road markings and installing signs are often carried out with frank errors and irregularities, which leads to accidents.

Malfunctions of cars

It is impossible not to mention the problem of the technical state of a rather impressive part of Russian cars. Even in spite of the strict regulation of the Russian legislation on the admission of machines to operation, it is easy to detect vehicles with serious malfunctions in the ordinary flow. As experts mark, in this group the main cause of road accident concerns brakes. About 30% of operated cars work with unregulated or completely faulty brakes. Another thing is that some adjustment problems can allow the operation of the transport. Also, to widespread technical problems that lead to accidents, we can relate problems with optics, the weakness of the design due to poorly performed repairs and, of course, inaccuracies in steering. Here it is worth noting and seasonal "illness". In general, such accidents are associated with improper use of tires - for example, when winter tires are used in winter.

The imprudence of pedestrians

Wanting to reduce the path or time on the road, many pedestrians decide to ignore the rules of the road and make the passage of the roadway in the wrong place. But here there are nuances. The fact is that a strict distinction between the guilt of drivers and pedestrians is not always possible. For example, if it is a child or a pensioner. Of course, the driver can be formally right, but it is obvious that it is not necessary to demand increased attention from children or the elderly. One way or another, the main causes of accidents due to pedestrians are related to ignoring traffic rules. Going to an unidentified place or moving to a red light - these are the main violations on the part of pedestrians. The situation is aggravated in the dark, when the transition to "zebra" does not guarantee security. In this case, it is necessary to prepare in advance the retro-reflective elements of clothing.

Accident prevention measures

It would seem that in the hands of modern traffic police departments are concentrated effective tools aimed at identifying and fighting the perpetrators of road accidents. However, this is not enough. The fact is that the main causes of traffic accidents and measures for their prevention should be considered from two positions - from road inspectors, security services and from the eyes of direct road users. Special authorized organizations to combat violations are engaged in comprehensive preventive work. In particular, effective measures are being developed to monitor the technical condition of cars, approaches and methods to regulate traffic are being improved, more severe penalties are being introduced, and explanatory propaganda work is carried out with the population. As for pedestrians and motorists themselves, it is in their interests not only to observe traffic rules, but also to insure themselves against possible violations by other persons.

Conclusion

Russia has a modern and well-designed list of traffic rules, compliance with which helps minimize the risks of any accidents. The problem is that, for example, the main cause of accidents in the form of drunkenness is almost imperceptible for traffic police without proper verification. The same applies to drivers whose driving style assumes high speed. As a rule, these are experienced participants in the movement who are confident in their abilities and do not always adequately assess the situation. Both groups pose a danger to other motorists, like pedestrians, who, in order to save time, decide on transitions in unidentified places. Unfortunately, it is possible to combat such phenomena only with the help of a general increase in the culture of driving and in general the exploitation of carriageways, and this is a question for many years.