Declaration of fire. Development and registration of a fire safety declaration

The concept of "fire declaration" appeared relatively recently. This definition was introduced by Federal Law No. 123 (2008). We will analyze further what is this document, what requirements are imposed by the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia and the law.

General information

In the world practice, the declaration of security has been used for a long time. The essence of the event is that, in the presence of appropriate documentation submitted in a notification procedure, the owner avoids agreement with the authorities authorized to establish certain requirements. In this case, the owner of the property himself determines what standards should be taken into account at his facility, what should be the instruction on the measures of the BOP.

Contents: general information

The fire declaration includes a number of normative documents, the provisions of which are binding for the owner of the facility and the persons who exploit it. All the necessary information for compilation can be found in the codes of the Rules. They are adopted in place of numerous acts that existed earlier and contradictory to each other on a number of issues.

Technical Regulations

FZ No. 123 defines a fire declaration as a form of conformity assessment, which contains information on security measures aimed at ensuring fire protection. According to Art. 64 of the specified law, the following measures are prescribed:

1. Risk assessment of the facility.
2. Analysis of the alleged damage to third parties in the event of a fire. Such an assessment can be expressed in the form of liability insurance for possible harm.

Risk analysis is recorded in the conclusion of the expert body. The estimated damage should be estimated by the owners or the insurance company. All these data are included in the corresponding form approved by the Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

Objects

They are also determined in accordance with the Technical Regulations. Under Part 1 of this Article ФЗ №123, the fire declaration is made regarding the objects for which the legislation on town-planning activity provides for the state expertise of design documentation and for facilities with class F 1.1. The buildings with class F 1.1 are given in subparagraph "a". Let's consider who is affected by the fire declaration:

1. Educational institutions.
2. Hospitals.
3. Specialized homes for the disabled and the elderly.
4. Dormitory buildings of institutions of boarding, school and preschool type.

Exceptions

It was said above that a fire declaration is necessary for facilities having a class of 1.1 and subject to state expertise. In the latter case, it is easier to list objects that are considered exceptions. So, the state expertise is not carried out for:

1. Detached dwelling houses, the number of which is not more than 3 fl., Intended for one family (IZHS objects).
2. Multi-apartment buildings with a floor number of not more than three. They can consist of one or several sections, the number of which - no more than four. Each block can accommodate several apartments and common premises. Separate entrance and exit to the common territory.
3. Residential buildings, the number of floors in which - no more than three, which include no more than ten blocks. In each of them, no more than one family can be accommodated. Blocks must have common walls, without openings with neighboring ones. At the same time, they are located on a separate site and have access to a common territory.
4. Standing separately objects of capital construction, the number of floors in which - no more than two, and the total area - less than 1500 square meters. M. They are not intended for people living and performing production activities. The exception is made by objects that are considered especially dangerous, unique or technically complex.
5. Standing separately objects of capital construction, in which no more than 2 floors and an area of less than 1500 square meters. M., Designed for production and not requiring sanitary protection equipment. Such facilities may be located in the areas within which sanitary zones are installed or it is necessary to equip them. An exception is considered to be objects recognized as unique, technically complex or harmful.

For these facilities, the development of a fire safety declaration is not carried out. Depending on the features of the facility, the direction of the enterprise, this or that method of calculating risks is used. Taking into account the above information, it is possible to present in a generalized form the categories of facilities for which a fire declaration is required:

• DOW, hotels, camps, dormitories, apartment houses and other public facilities.
• Industrial facilities for industrial and agricultural purposes.

Primary requirements

The normative acts set a certain standard for the completion of documentation (the article presents its sample). A fire declaration can be composed of both the object as a whole and its individual elements. Filling out the documentation and providing it to the authorized body can be carried out by the owner himself or by a person who has the right to use the household. Ownership, lifelong inheritance or operational management of the facility. If you change the requirements for the BOP or the data contained in the declaration, the documentation is recycled or recreated. Clarification is carried out by making the necessary adjustments. Changes should be registered in due course. In the case when the object is at the design stage, the documentation is drawn up by the designer or the builder. The form of the fire declaration is determined by law. It is prohibited to change it at personal discretion. In order, according to which the fire declaration is registered, the documentation is submitted in two copies, signed by the owner of the facility.

Information for compilation

The declaration should specify:

1. Requisites of the enterprise (organization). The documentation should contain the name, address and form of ownership.
2. Documents on the deviation from the accepted fire regulations.
3. Data about the purpose of the object and its elements.
4. Information on the number of employees.
5. Data on the maximum volume and type of substances that are stored at the facility and used in the course of carrying out activities.
6. Characteristics of production, process, assessment of their fire safety.
7. Information about the land on which the facility is located.
8. Plan BTI for each facility for which a declaration is made.
9. Information about the climatic features of the area.
10. The main architectural, structural and volumetric-planning characteristics.
11. Information about engineering equipment (location of power supply, ventilation system, water supply and so on).
12. Data on the presence on the object of automatic fire protection, contracts for its maintenance.
13. Information about the primary means of extinguishing.
14. Data on the presence of fire units on the territory of the facility.
15. Information about the employees' briefing.
16. Information about the presence of water reservoirs, reservoirs on the territory or nearby.
17. Local acts on the PB (instructions, orders).

Term of fire declaration

The length of the period during which the documentation is valid depends on the characteristics of the enterprise. The maximum period is set at 5 years. Documentation can be drawn up for a limited batch of products (for a manufacturing enterprise). In this case, the validity period is not specified, and the declaration is one-time. When using scheme 1e or 2d, the duration of the period does not exceed one year, and when applying 3d, three years. If the manufacturing enterprise plans to manufacture products of only one type, it is recommended to compile the documentation for the maximum period. This is also appropriate for non-production organizations that are constantly operating in one direction.