The impact is ... How do people and the environment affect each other?

In a broad sense, impact is the process of the active influence of one participant in an activity on another. In our world, nothing exists by itself. All organisms and objects in one way or another interact, influencing each other or experiencing influence on themselves.

Environmental factors

Science ecology considers several environmental factors that represent different conditions that affect the life of organisms. The first group is abiotic factors, including climate, relief, water quality, soils, composition of the atmosphere.

Biotic factors represent the interaction of living organisms among themselves. Animals and plants can adapt to coexistence and even extract personal benefits from it, or, conversely, they can compete with each other. As a result of their vital activity, they become factors of environmental impact and are able to change the conditions of existence.

The third group is anthropogenic factors. Recently, they play the most important role, because they reflect the influence of man on the world around him. This includes deliberate and accidental interference from people in the life of organisms and natural conditions.

Environment and organisms

Natural conditions, as a rule, act on the body in a complex. Together they represent an integral system, called the environment. Each specific species of living organisms needs certain environmental conditions for existence.

An important role is played by the gas composition of the atmosphere, the salinity of water and soils, the temperature regime, the amount of precipitation and much more. In this case, some environmental factors can enhance or reduce the effects of others. Depending on the result, four types of their interaction are distinguished: monodominant, synergistic, provocative and antagonistic. Let's talk about them in more detail.

Monodominant influence is the suppression of all the others by one factor. Synergism is a process of positive mutual reinforcement. On the contrary, antagonism represents mutual oppression. For example, locusts are so actively destroying their food that the subsequent food shortage reduces the population itself. The provocative effect is a positive and negative influence on the organism, in which the action of the second increases from the influence of the former.

Anthropogenic impact on the environment

Anthropogenic impact is any interference of people into the laws of the surrounding world. The positive effect is manifested in the establishment of reserves and other protected natural areas. In this case, it is possible to preserve valuable landscapes, plants and protect rare species of animals from extinction.

Unfortunately, for the most part the person has a negative impact on the environment, and the reserves are often an attempt to fix it. People's activities cover all existing environmental factors. One plant, for example, can simultaneously pollute soil, air and water. Changing at least one such factor inevitably leads to a change in the rest.

Air pollution can change climatic conditions, the changed composition of soils or water affects the livelihoods of animals and plants. Anthropogenic factor is manifested in deforestation, waste disposal, poaching, construction of dams, reservoirs. Its influence is direct - a purposeful action on the component of nature, or indirect - an accidental consequence of direct action. For example, soil erosion after deforestation, etc.

Effects on humans

The environment affects man in the same way as on the other living beings. Often people's activities are reflected in negative changes in the environment. Although the change in conditions is not always related to this. Causes are natural disasters, cyclones, electromagnetic waves, changes in atmospheric pressure, precipitation.

An important component of a person's health is his mental state, which can affect the environment. In the modern urban world, the individual is exposed to stress every day. The psychological burden is borne by everything: architectural structures, color design of buildings and interiors, noise, lighting, composite solutions. All these components affect a person no less than natural factors.