The division of labor is the isolation of various activities

The division of labor is a criterion applicable both nationwide and individually to each of its citizens. Today we will talk about what forms of it exist and how this affects the final results of the enterprise or industry.

Division of labor in the scale of the state

Considering the development of the economy of any country, you can notice that certain of its areas, as a rule, support some basic type of production. For example, the northern part of Russia is associated with the forest industry. Its products in the form of paper, cardboard and the forest itself are sent to other parts of the country. Western Siberia is the main supplier of gas and oil, and the Central regions, the Urals and the Volga region are the mainstay of industry.

In each state, it is possible to clearly distinguish areas of the extractive industry, agricultural, trade and financial areas, etc. The specialization of each of them is, as a rule, obvious, which indicates the territorial division of labor.

This phenomenon is based on the proximity to the resource base, the historically established specialization or economic justification of this production. It, together with the division into industries, is part of the social division of labor.

Functional division of labor

And within each production process there is a single division of labor. It provides for the functional segregation of personnel, based on the work performed and their content.

In all labor processes, employees of different plans are involved. They, depending on the functions performed, can be divided into workers, employees, professionals, service personnel, managers, etc. Each of them contributes to the work of the whole enterprise.

Subject to planning, clear organization and control, the enterprise or institution will start working with the maximum profit. That is, the functional division of labor is such a disengagement, in which each of the participants performs a certain work that is well-defined in the general framework, which allows the entire plant or office to develop, generate revenue and, in turn, be a functional part of the activity of an industry State as a whole.

Examples of the division of labor

The main problem of the functional division of labor is the definition of each participant in the process by professional qualities, the level of specialization, the possibility of combining individual functions within the enterprise. For this purpose, the following forms of the division of labor are distinguished:

• Professional . It involves isolation according to the content of the work performed and depending on the specialty obtained.
• Technological . Separates the participants of one production process into separate groups performing a certain operation.
• Qualification division of labor is a form determined by the level of skill and production experience of participants in any process. To assess this, a tariff grid is used, which makes it possible to clearly reveal the experience and depth of knowledge of a specialist in his field.

The variety of forms and varieties of the division of labor in the whole society and in a separate enterprise creates the need to coordinate and regulate inter-branch or intra-agency relations.