The Civil War in Spain

The civil war in Spain began as a result of social, cultural, political and economic contradictions and was the greatest shock for the country, because then its fate was determined. It was a confrontation between the totalitarian forces and the Republicans defending democracy, at the very time when the clash of communism, democracy and fascism was seen across Europe, as a result of which its split occurred. The appeal to help the countries that stood on different sides of the international conflict led to the internationalization of the latter.

Thus, the civil war in Spain is a struggle between the left government (with the support of the USSR) and the right forces (with the support of Italy and Germany), which ended with the approval of the fascist order in the country.

When in 1936 in the elections to the Parliament of Spain the popular front parties won, which subsequently created the republican government, the right-wing forces headed by Franco began to prepare a coup d'état. Soon there were revolts in the Canary Islands, Spanish Morocco and Spain. These uprisings were suppressed, but Germany and Italy provided assistance to the rebels, sending them their so-called volunteers.

The civil war in Spain aroused high public interest throughout the world. At first, France supported the republican government, but soon it went over to the side of the fascists. And in the summer of 1936, twenty-seven countries, most of which in fact supported the Spanish right-wing forces, elected a policy of "non-intervention." Italy and Germany in every possible way contributed to the creation of a new source of war, and the USSR protested against intervention in military operations in favor of the rebels. In addition, the Soviet Union, together with another fifty-three countries, provided their volunteers to support the Republicans.

The war in Spain facilitated the signing in Berlin of a German-Italian union, one of whose aims was the conduct of military operations against this country, and a month later the "Anti-Comintern Pact" was signed between Germany and Japan, the essence of which was to fight against communism, and already in November 1937 Italy joined this pact.

Meanwhile, at Madrid, the fascists were defeated, which led to increased assistance from their allies. Spanish cities were bombarded by German aviation. The Western states strongly supported Franco, and in February 1939 they proclaimed the fascist order in the country. In the spring of the same year, Madrid was captured by the rebels, the republic collapsed. Spain, a civil war that lasted from 1936 to 1939, lost more than four hundred thousand people, virtually all major cities, roads, bridges and municipal services were destroyed.

Thus, the political unity of Germany, Japan and Italy changed the nature of the struggle. The civil war in Spain eventually evolved, on the one hand, into a revolutionary one, and, on the other, into a conservative one, and became international.

Through the efforts of the countries in which fascism reigned, the Spanish Republic was defeated, which was a step towards the beginning of Germany by the Second World War in five months, since these military actions were part of the plans to conquer world domination. However, all these events made it possible to draw conclusions about the changes in the course of hostilities that have occurred since the First World War.

Summing up, it should be noted that the main problem of the last century was the problem of war and peace. In addition, history constantly sent tests to humanity in the form of regional confrontations. It was in the twentieth millennium that third forces intervened in these armed clashes, which contributed to the revival of world-wide conflicts.