Fracture of the pelvis - treatment and consequences

Fracture of the pelvis is one of the most serious injuries of the musculoskeletal system. This trauma is often accompanied by heavy bleeding, internal injuries and, accordingly, pain shock. Among people who received a pelvic fracture, the death rate is very high, and many people who survived remain disabled for life.

Most often, a pelvic fracture occurs as a result of squeezing it in the lateral or anteroposterior position. This can happen when you hit or fall from a high altitude, as well as during accidents. Depending on how the fractures are placed in relation to the pelvic ring, a pelvic fracture is classified into:

- marginal fracture, the crest, the iliac wing, the lumbar spine, and the pearl of the sacrum, coccyx and ischium are damaged;

- a fracture passing through the pelvic ring and not violating its continuity: fractures of the ischium or pubic bone, or fracture of the ischium bone on one side, and the pubic bone on the other;

- fracture, in which there is a disruption of the continuity of the ring. It includes ruptures of articulations, simultaneous fractures of the sciatic and pubic bones, fractures of the pelvic bones along with ruptures of articulations;

- fracture of the acetabulum without dislocation or dislocation of the head of the femur, fracture of the acetabulum, and also other pelvic bones;

- combined fracture of the pelvis, in which the internal organs of the abdomen, skull, thorax, spine and limbs are damaged.

Fracture of the pelvis: treatment and first aid

When this injury is received, the victims first of all complain of pelvic pain. This is a serious injury and in every third case there is a traumatic shock, with heavy bleeding. If there was a combined fracture, traumatic shock occurs in the majority of victims. When providing first aid, the health worker should immediately determine the mechanism of injury, which will help to more accurately determine the localization of the fracture.

During the first examination, attention should be paid to the presence of bruises and abrasions, as well as to the possible visible deformation of the pelvis. Palpation needs to be done very carefully, it will help to determine the place of the greatest soreness and the place where the bone was displaced.

The patient who received a pelvis pancake should be asked to urinate, if he is not able, then the urine can be released with a rubber catheter. The presence of urine in the blood can indicate damage to the kidneys, bladder or urethra. In all cases, with a rupture of the bladder, the victims are not able to independently urinate. If rectal examination of the rectum reveals blood, this may indicate damage to the rectum.

Treatment of a person who received this trauma is possible only in a hospital. First, he is given an X-ray and instrumental examination. The patient also undergoes an intraluminal anesthesia according to Shkolnikov-Selivanov, skeletal traction and treatment on a hammock.

Fracture of the pelvis: consequences

With the provision of timely and professional medical care, pelvic fractures heal well. If adjacent tissues have been severely damaged during injury, the patient may be lame for quite a while, as muscles and ligaments slowly recover. If the nervous tissue is disturbed, chronic pain, damage to some joints and sexual dysfunction may occur.

conclusions

Fracture of the pelvis is difficult to diagnose, since the victim is usually in serious condition and may have other injuries. In this trauma, transport immobilization is required, which will not allow additional displacement of fragments, as well as shock and bleeding. A person who has received a pelvic fracture must be urgently hospitalized in a specialized hospital.