The balance of water consumption and water disposal is a necessary calculation in the design of any facilities and in water use

When designing any object of industrial or housing and communal services, the object of agricultural purpose is water management. As a result, the volumes of water consumption and wastewater necessary for the normal economic, household or production functioning of the projected facility become known.

Water management calculation in the special literature and regulatory documents defines the name - the balance of water consumption and sanitation. Water consumption includes the full volume of water - drinking and technical, spent for water supply of this facility. Wastewater - the volume of water from the enterprise (dwelling house) in the form of household or industrial effluents entering the centralized sewage system or on the filtration field, to the terrain or to the water body.

The balance of water consumption and wastewater characterizes the ratio of the volume of water flowing to the facility, with the volume of liquid waste discharged from the facility after using water for domestic or industrial purposes. According to the principle of balance (balance), the values of volumes of water consumption and water disposal should be equal or differ by the amount of irretrievable water consumption, which is typical for enterprises using water (for example, bottled water production) in production. Also, the amount of water disposal can differ from the volume of water consumption by the amount of water evaporation or its filtration into underground horizons (for example, discharge of effluents from the gold recovery plant into the tailing pond of a large area).

The balance of water consumption and wastewater includes the amount of atmospheric precipitation entering the territory of the enterprise (melting snow, rain) and in the form of storm runoff falling into the storm sewers.

One of the documents when obtaining a license (permit) for the use of a water surface facility or for registration of a license for the extraction of groundwater is the balance of water consumption and sanitation. The same calculation is necessary for the design of communications for the uninterrupted supply of water. Based on the projected volume of water consumption, the geometrical parameters of the pipelines are laid, the power of the pumps for supplying water. The calculation of wastewater is needed for accident-free disposal of sewage from the serviced territory with the subsequent purification of waste water at the treatment plants. The received volumes of water consumption and water disposal are taken as the basis of the settlement fee when concluding a contract for the supply of water or for the reception of effluents into the sewage system.

Examples of design calculations of water consumption and wastewater are given in the reference and special literature, the norms of water use are indicated in the building regulatory documents. Recently, companies supplying drinking water require users to equip water and sewer networks with water meters, which helps to obtain accurate information about the actual volumes of water use.

When calculating water use, it is also possible to determine the energy costs needed to extract water. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the losses of electric energy to overcome obstacles in pipelines, since the pumping equipment operates with a certain efficiency (coefficient of efficiency).

Calculation of the balance of water use can make any competent engineer. Specialized institutions are happy to accept such calculations, but this service is not cheap.