Performance indicators of the enterprise: theoretical overview

Evaluation of financial parameters and performance indicators of the company, among the problems of analysis, are one of the key, since it is they that testify to the economic health of the company and signal problems that can lead to significant complications and even to insolvency or bankruptcy.

The main indicators of the company's performance are a fairly extensive list of parameters that to some extent reflect the results and effectiveness of economic activity. One of the important indicators is financial sustainability.

Generalized indicators of the effectiveness of the enterprise, as a rule, are formed on the basis of the understanding that for the decision-making on the management of financial sustainability, constant business knowledge is required, which is the result of analysis and assessment of information. The choice of an evaluation technology is determined by the goals and objectives of the study, and in some cases, and the degree of availability of reliable source information. Among other things, each method or procedure has weak and strong sides and in its effect affects the performance indicators of the enterprise.

Widely used horizontal, vertical and trend methods allow only a preliminary assessment of the level of sustainability, stating only the absolute changes of one or another indicator of financial stability, without revealing information about the internal nature of the changes and without affecting, in fact, other performance indicators. In addition, such methodologies very weakly reflect the current dynamics of changes in the quality of the company's work.

Comparative method by its content gives more information than the above, but today in a number of cases it is impossible to apply it qualitatively, since there is no reliable industry statistics.

The analysis of existing technologies and procedures of appraisal activity allows us to state that the method of evaluation by factor and factor is the most informative, therefore they have become widely used in the practice of assessing the overall performance of the enterprise and financial sustainability in particular.

However, the coefficient method of evaluation has quite a few significant drawbacks. The most significant are:

- coefficient: the calculations only disclose, but do not explain the dynamics of changes in the financial state. This situation reflects the state of the enterprise only at the beginning and end of the reporting period. Everything that happens between these dates is not taken into account.

- the calculated coefficients do not bear economic sense, so their comparison with the indices of "external" sources is necessary, which in modern conditions is rather difficult for technical and material reasons.

The most common of the existing analytical techniques is factor analysis. A strong feature of the factor approach is that during the calculation the initial data undergoes standardization and standardization and loses its dimension. This allows the model to be used for analysis of different periods without additional correction for inflation. This analysis of methodological tools is determined by the fact that the main thing in the analysis of performance indicators is:

- improvement of information support;

- development of comprehensive methods that allow to analyze the state of the enterprise according to the optimal combination of production and financial indicators and coefficients.