Stone Age

In his ancient period of development, which lasted for several thousand centuries, man experienced three stages. The first stage was the Stone Age. After it, humanity stepped into the bronze, and then into the iron age. The first stage was the longest stage. On its length, the man made various tools, the material for which were fragments of animal bones and sticks with a sharp end. But the stone was the most durable. It was this material that dominated the adaptations of our ancestors. For this reason, this period is called "Stone Age".

The longest period in the development of mankind is divided into three stages by archaeologists. The first of these is the ancient Stone Age (Paleolithic). The second is the Mesolithic. It is also called the Middle Stone Age. The third stage is the Neolithic. Scientists refer it to the new Stone Age.

The period of the stone age of the Paleolithic period lasted from the beginning of the birth of the human community to the tenth millennium BC. According to scientists, the first people appeared in the tropics of Africa and South Asia. From there they spread to other regions of the planet. At that time man was an integral part of the world around him. He lived in caves, creating tribes, collecting edible plants and hunting small game. The tools for fishing, made of solid rock (obsidan, quartzite and silicon), were not subjected to grinding and drilling. In the late period of the Paleolithic, fisheries developed. The man learned how to drill a bone, on which he began to produce the first engraving.

At the same time there is a complication of hunting techniques, house building is emerging and a new way of life is beginning to take shape. The maturation of the clan system is a prerequisite for the fortress of the primitive community. Its structure becomes more complicated. A person begins to develop speech and thinking, which helps to expand his mental outlook and enrich the spiritual world. It was in the Late Paleolithic that the art of the Stone Age emerged and began to develop. Man has learned to use natural mineral paints that have bright colors. He mastered new ways to handle soft stone and bone. It was these methods that opened before him the possibility of transmitting the surrounding world in carving and sculpture. The art of the Paleolithic is characterized by a surprisingly true transmission of reality and fidelity to nature.

The middle Stone Age, or Mesolithic, began with the tenth and ended in the sixth millennium BC. This stage of human development is characterized by the end of the glacial period. The surrounding world has become similar to modern. The person and his way of life underwent a great change. The tribes broke up. They were replaced by patrimonial communities, led by older and more experienced members. The man began to build his home using wood and stone material, leaving the caves. The nascent sense of beauty was reflected in the original ornaments, which served as gold nuggets.

Great changes have also affected the methods of making tools made of stone. There were sharp knives, as well as sharpened arrows and spears. In the Mesolithic period, the beginnings of handicraft, cattle breeding and farming arose. Art has also undergone radical changes. Images applied to open rock areas, began to represent different scenes of hunting or ritual ceremonies. The person occupying a central place in the drawings of the Mesolithic era was portrayed in a simplistic, sometimes even a sign. Painted images in black and red.

The last third of the Stone Age - the Neolithic period lasted from the sixth to the third millennium BC. Man learned to polish and polish tools made of stone materials, engaged in cattle breeding and farming. There was pottery. Various utensils and dishes were made of clay. The growth and unification of several genera was a prerequisite for the emergence of tribes.