Solar water heaters, their operating principle.

The use of solar collectors is quite relevant nowadays. Receiving solar energy, they convert it and transmit it to some heat carrier. Applicable almost everywhere where heat is used. Solar water heaters also use this principle.

Let's evaluate the operation of several types of heaters of this type:

- passive solar water heaters, use water pumping. Here, accumulating collector parts of the system are combined. It is used for small areas of heating, for example, villas.

- active solar water heaters, accumulating and collector parts in them are separately.

"Vacuum tube" is a patented element and is the basis of all water heaters.

Vacuum tubes resemble the work of a thermos, one tube is inside another, but larger diameter. Absolute thermal insulation is achieved by the vacuum that is between them. The loss of heat radiation is noticeable in the winter. The cylindrical surface allows the sun's rays to fall evenly onto the surface, which contributes to a constant consumption of heat, even if the sun is already setting and the angle of impact decreases. When the sun is behind clouds, vacuum tubes are able to consume heat "diffusively"

Developers have achieved that the batteries collect energy completely, without losses.

Vacuum protects against contaminants and smoke. Systems based on vacuum tubes absorb up to 98% of the heat radiation. And in sunny weather can provide heating of the liquid to 100 deg.

Glass vacuum tubes work on four principles:

• heat exchange;
• Reception of sun rays;
• System control is automated;
• Preservation of the received heat.

When the sun's rays hit the collector, passing through the vacuum zone, reach a special coating, it absorbs solar waves that carry the greatest energy, that is, infrared. The vacuum collector, as a result, is very hot. Depending on the type of pipes, the heat carrier (antifreeze or water) receives heat, which subsequently transfers to water, it is the final coolant used in household and production. The process of heat exchange between the carrier and water takes place through a tube made of copper (it has an increased heat exchange).

Solar water heaters, working on the principle of combined Accumulating tank and collector elements, are called passive. The volume of the tank corresponds to a two-day consumption of water. The minimum volume is 130 liters.

Finished water in such systems moves without a pump. They are good in that they work in the absence of electricity, and there are no questions about the circulation pump. This is their reliability and durability.

Such solar water heaters have a low price, which is a big advantage over others. They are also easy to maintain and install. For normal operation, it is only necessary to fill the tank, its supply can be carried out by gravity, it is only necessary to place the tank above the water heater.

That's what solar water heaters are good for. The price of the collector depends on the volume of water being heated. In any case, it is available.

Solar water heaters can also be made by yourself. It will be cheaper.