Instructions at the workplace on labor protection. Occupational safety and health

Occupational safety and health is a system of requirements and activities aimed at protecting the health and life of employees. It includes rehabilitation, medical and preventive, legal, organizational and technical, and socio-economic measures. One of the integral components of the system of measures is the instruction of workers on labor protection. Let us consider in detail what it includes.

Occupational safety and health: a general concept

In the legal literature this system is considered from the following positions:

1. As the main principle of employment relations.
2. As a set of legislative acts, regulating and preventive technical, socio-economic, therapeutic and preventive, organizational, sanitary and hygienic methods and tools that are aimed at ensuring safety in the workplace.

System Components

Safety is a set of provisions and requirements that is aimed at ensuring optimum operating conditions. It also includes activities that help to eliminate factors that adversely affect employee health. The aim of TB is:

1. Security.
2. Protection of health.
3. Reducing the production of injuries at work to a minimum.
4. Formation of a system of technical and organizational measures aimed at reducing or eliminating the negative impact of harmful factors during professional activities at the enterprise.

Training programs for labor protection

Familiarization of employees with the norms is carried out, as a rule, during the receipt of special or professional education. There are also special editions in which instruction on labor protection is described. A sample of requirements for a particular profession in enterprises is also posted on special stands as a visual agitation. Measures to familiarize employees with rules are classified according to the implementation time and the nature of the information. The frequency of coaching on labor protection depends on the specialization of the enterprise, the frequency of change or replenishment of staff and other factors. The acquaintance can be:

1. Introductory.
2. Primary directly on the job site.
3. Repeated.
4. Unplanned.
5. Trust.

Characteristics of events

Today, the state pays great attention to ensuring proper production conditions at enterprises. In this regard, various briefings at the workplace on labor protection are provided. Legislation provides for the personal responsibility of the head of the enterprise for the formation of a proper working environment. Therefore, carrying out briefings is one of the direct duties of the employer. Any familiarization of employees with the requirements acts as a form of training.

Legislation requires a certain order of coaching on labor protection. Such activities should be systematic. Instructions at the workplace on labor protection must be passed by all employees during their entire professional activity at the enterprise both individually and collectively. At the same time, familiarization and training should be in any production, regardless of the specifics of its activities. In large enterprises, briefings at the workplace on labor protection can be entrusted to a specially trained official. The head of the enterprise, appointing such an employee, signs an appropriate order.

Who should be trained?

Instructions at the workplace on labor protection, as mentioned above, are provided for all employees of the enterprise. These include, among others, the leaders themselves. In this case, special attention should be paid to employees who have a small (less than a year) experience. As practice shows, this particular category of the company's employees is the most vulnerable and most often is subject to industrial injuries. Due to lack of experience, new employees ignore a number of requirements. In many cases this leads to very negative consequences. Together with this, employees who have a fairly long record of service are also subject to occupational injuries. In most cases, this is due to their careless attitude towards the rules.

An Important Moment

The head of the enterprise is obliged to conduct an internal investigation for each case concerning industrial injuries. During this event, the causes of the incident must be identified, and responsible persons identified. Upon the fact of the incident, an appropriate order is issued. The executive order should be worked out with all employees. This procedure also acts as one of the training forms.

The method of conducting briefings is established by the responsible person. As a rule, the form of the event is a lecture, an interview or an explanation. The special journal should state the fact of the training. The responsible officer also controls the implementation of the rules of TB in the enterprise.

Introductory training

Such briefing is provided for employees at the time of their employment. Training in this form is also carried out for those who are sent for production or arrived for practice. Introductory briefing is conducted by a specialist (engineer) in the PB and OT or by a person who is entrusted with these duties by the order of the head.

During the training it is recommended to use technical means and visual aids. The briefing should cover all issues related to the specifics of production in terms of safety and labor protection. Upon completion of training, the person responsible for it must ensure that the employee knows the main features of the enterprise, the sources of possible accidents, the rules of conduct for PE. Employees who have been instructed should also be familiarized with the warning signs and inscriptions, warning systems, which are equipped with the enterprise, the procedure for using extinguishing agents.

Primary activities

Such briefings are assigned to direct managers of certain production activities. Training is staffed by:

1. Newly accepted for the enterprise.
2. Translated from other units.
3. Coming to a new type of activity.
4. Temporary.
5. Committed to the enterprise.
6. Passing practical lessons in the framework of training (students, students).

Acquaintance with the rules are also the builders who are temporarily employed at the enterprise. In the primary education program, it is necessary to include the questions present in the health and safety regulations for this post (specialty), as well as in other regulatory acts on OT. Upon completion of the training, the responsible person checks the employee's knowledge concerning the characteristics of his activity, the rules for the performance of his duties. Control can be carried out through a survey.

Re-training

Such briefing includes the coverage of the technological features of activities associated with increased danger. Employees involved directly in this area are trained once a quarter, the rest - every six months. Repeated briefings can be conducted collectively or individually with employees of one specialty. The purpose of these activities is improving the knowledge of staff on TB and OT. In addition, the re-training is conducted to prevent violations of the requirements that were committed earlier, to strengthen the production discipline.

Training should relate to technological aspects, certain duties, radiation, fire, nuclear, chemical TB, if the production process is related to these processes. During the re-briefing, situations are analyzed in which there was a violation of the production discipline, non-compliance with the norms and requirements of TB, the causes of such cases are identified and considered. Upon completion of the training, the responsible person must ensure that the staff is well aware of the rules.

Unplanned activities

They are entrusted to direct managers of production processes. Unscheduled briefing is provided in the following cases:

1. Changes in technological processes or when replacing equipment.
2. Introduction of revised or new normative documentation.
3. Violations of the rules of the OT.
4. Receipts of claims on this from the supervisory and state regulatory bodies.
5. The break in the activity of the enterprise for more than a month for the production of increased danger and more than 60 days for other types of work.

Unplanned activities are carried out in a similar way to repeated ones. However, in this case, special attention should be paid to the reason why they are conducted. Unscheduled activities do not exclude repeated ones.

Target Acquisition

Such briefings are held if:

1. Activities are carried out by special order or alongside.
2. One-time works are performed that are not related to the official duties of the employee.
3. Disaster or disaster consequences are being eliminated.
4. Employees are attracted to the implementation of any unscheduled activities.

The target instruction is conducted by the person determined by the order of the head as responsible for this.

Paperwork

Any instruction should be recorded in the appropriate journal. After introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled training, employees sign in the corresponding book. Conducting the targeted briefing is recorded in the admission orders and other documents on the instructions of the management.