Russian sturgeon: description and instruction on equitation. Sturgeon Siberian and Amur

One can say with certainty that the food business, with the right approach, almost always brings a good profit. Entrepreneurs who decided to start their own business in this industry earn quite a lot. For example, the Russian sturgeon is quite expensive and tasty fish, which is simply bred at home. Let's talk on this topic in more detail and understand all the important points.

Sturgeon family: general information

The habitat of this species of fish is wide enough: from the northern hemisphere of Europe to northern Asia and America. Currently, four types are distinguished: sturgeon, sterlet, beluga, and other similar fish. Thus, the maturity of an adult occurs approximately at 8-15 years, for females - at 8-30 years. The average sturgeon fertility is about 700,000 eggs for spawning. Within a week the fry hatch. From this we can conclude that the Russian sturgeon is prolific enough, especially given that it can live up to 50 years. The largest individuals weigh about 25 kilograms, the average figure is about 15-20 kg. It should be noted that sturgeon breeding appeared about 70 years ago. Since then, this occupation has not lost its relevance.

Some features of business

Before opening your own business, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with all its features. Sturgeon breeding is good because fish products are very in demand and you will not have any problems with finding a point of sale. It can be city restaurants, pet stores and fish shops. Another important point is that the competition here, though not completely absent, but there is no surplus of this product. In fact, you can easily sell grown sturgeon without any problems.

You do not need large investments, as it is not necessary to start with a large number of fish. It can be one hundred or two hundred individuals. Nevertheless, you should not buy fry. It is due to the fact that you will have to wait about 5-6 years until the females start to spawn. Therefore, the breeding of sturgeon must begin with the purchase of mature individuals from 8 years. Since this type of fish is not particularly demanding on feeding and maintenance, problems should not arise.

Choose a room

At the first stage you need to choose a place where you will breed sturgeon. This can be a room of 30 squares. Such dimensions are due to the fact that you will need to install a swimming pool. There, without fail, you need to carry out lighting, heating, install a sewer system and supply water. If all this is already available, then you have no problems at all.

In the event of a power outage, you must have at least one working generator. Another important detail - Siberian sturgeon does not tolerate stresses, and is very shy fish, so take care that there are no noisy places nearby, for example, roads or public squares. It is interesting that the family of sturgeon is not very demanding of lighting, moreover, excessive amount of light has a bad effect on fish in general.

How to choose a container

Here you have two options: to grow fish in the pool or pond. Which one to choose is your business. But let's talk about everything in more detail. In the first couple, it is advisable to breed sturgeon in the basin. Suitable plastic container with a diameter of 2 meters and a depth of 80 centimeters. From such a basin for a year you can catch about a ton of sturgeon. In addition, if you have the time, and desire, you can design the capacity yourself. But here there are a few small nuances. For example, fish of different weights should be in separate pools. The classification is as follows:

• Individuals up to 300 grams - a pool of 1.5 meters in diameter, 80 cm in depth;
• Sturgeon from 300 grams to 2 kg - a pool with a diameter of 2.2 meters, a depth of 100-120 cm;
• Sorting tanks for larvae weighing up to 5 grams. It is recommended to use rectangular trays 0.5 meters deep and 2.2 meters long.

But since the Russian sturgeon is not too fastidious to the conditions of detention, small deviations from the norms are allowed. In any case, maintaining the purity, as well as the optimum temperature range from +2 to +27 is simply necessary. Also, once a month you need to spend the whole day sorting fish. For what, you will learn a little later.

Features of the contents in the pond

If you like a novice businessman have the opportunity to keep fish in a pond, it's better to do so. You can save on equipment and provide the fish with comfortable conditions. But before you start the sturgeon, you need to completely drain the water, clean the bottom and fill it with lime. After that, the lime is washed out, and the pond is filled with clean water. Further, the Russian sturgeon can be launched. The fish should find natural food, so plant the bottom with algae, clams, fill worms, etc. All this should be done immediately after cleaning the reservoir.

Experts recommend starting the fish about 2 months after you fill the pond with clean water. During this time, algae will have time to grow, and there will be much more mollusks. Start the fish in a warm period, it can be either late autumn or early spring. By the way, in some cases (in severe winters) the question of wintering is acute. For the time of frost, so that the fish is not corn-chilled, try to transfer it to the pools.

Sturgeon Siberian: features of feeding and care

This type of fish perfectly feels in cool water (below 13 degrees). This somewhat simplifies his breeding. It is worth noting that sturgeons are not fastidious to food. Nevertheless, they need to be fed well and in a timely manner. Periodicity plays an important role. So, an adult fish should be given food 4 times a day through the measured time intervals, that is, every 6 hours. The fry must be fed every four hours. Such a regime will exclude the occurrence of stress in fish and refusal to eat. At the same time, it should be understood that sturgeon fry should not eat the same as adults. In addition, the food should have an impressive weight and fall to the bottom. It is due to the fact that the sturgeon feeds from the bottom in the wild.

As for the purchase of feed, then you have several options. One of them is to use foreign products, which differ in that it has a high feed coefficient. But there are also domestic analogues, less expensive, but their QCs are somewhat lower. Well, you can always make food yourself. In this case, only you control the KK. Do not forget that the speed of mass gain, as well as the state of the fish as a whole depends on good nutrition. Therefore, if you want the Siberian sturgeon to grow quickly and give good offspring, you need to make the right diet. The amount of crude protein should be at least 50%, and raw fat not less than 20%.

How to care for the fry?

To ensure that the death rate is within the acceptable ranges, it is necessary to take good care of the fish. As noted above, the Russian sturgeon - fish is not fastidious, but this does not mean that you do not need to change the water in the pool. If water comes from the water supply, install a carbon filter to remove chlorine. Approximately 2 times a week, remove 15% of water.

Every month, you should carefully check the fish. So, large individuals should be planted in a separate pool, and the fry should be left for cultivation. Timely sorting is very important. If you do not fish out in time, large fish will start to eat small ones. To the business from the first months was profitable, it is recommended to purchase fry in specialized stores. So you can avoid many problems. Many entrepreneurs lower the mortality rate among fish by crossing (hybrids). A striking example is the Russian-Lena sturgeon.

How profitable is sturgeon breeding?

The first thing that interests novice businessmen is the profitability of the business and the terms of its payback. Let's count all the items in order. According to statistics, from 1 500-2 000 fry, one can get a ton of sturgeon for sale. On average, one mank will cost 12-13 rubles, therefore, we will spend about 20,000 rubles on purchasing.

In addition, it is necessary to provide fish with food. It is advisable to make a purchase for the entire period of cultivation, which will cost about 70 thousand rubles. The amount of electricity spent can be different, as a rule, you should spend no more than 15 thousand rubles for the entire period. So, our expenses are 105 thousand rubles. Proceeding from this, we get the cost price, approximately equal to 105 rubles. For example, the Amur sturgeon sells well in restaurants at 500 rubles per kilogram. Hence we have a net profit of 395 rubles. Thus, for the year you can earn about 400,000 rubles. But you need to consider that you have to constantly spend money on food, electricity, water, additional equipment, etc.

It is very important for a businessman!

It should be noted that sometimes females throw eggs faster than you have time to expand the boundaries of your pool. In this case, the question of what to do with caviar is acute. Of course, most will sell it, and that's right. That's the best way to do the same to you. But you must understand that the female sturgeon dies after throwing caviar. Consequently, the population in your adult pool can be significantly reduced. But not so long ago, studies were carried out that allowed to put the fish to sleep, make a small incision on the belly and squeeze out the caviar. Then a small seam was applied, as a result of which one female spawned more than 10 times. You can take advantage of this approach. Remember that sturgeon is much more alive than dead.

A few interesting details

One of the richest rivers on the territory of the Russian Federation is the Urals. Russian sturgeon is abundant here. Nevertheless, its uncontrolled catch is prohibited. But it is not so difficult to conclude a license for a ton of adult fish. Believe me, the invested money will pay off with interest, since with about 10 females you will get more than spend. Of course, this will not happen immediately, so we'll have to wait.

What else is worth recalling, is that the fish has the property of being sick. Often the cause is contaminated water. In order not to increase the mortality rate, it is necessary that the Russian sturgeon, the photo of which you can find in this article, be deposited from other species.

Conclusion

As you can see, breeding sturgeon is an interesting direction for opening your own business. Nevertheless, if you buy fry, then the cost will not pay off right away. Of course, much depends on the conditions of the fish, but despite this, the sturgeon develops slowly enough, remember this. Acquired adult Russian sturgeon, whose photo significantly differs from the young, will pay off an order of magnitude faster, but the costs in this case will be greater. Here, in principle, and all the useful information on this topic. Sturgeon is easy to breed. The main thing is to create the appropriate conditions and just wait, giving no more than 3 hours a day to care for the pool and the fish. And once a month, give the day to sort the fish.