Rules of handball. Handball - the rules of the game. How many times in handball?

The current kind of handball arose thanks to the Danish players at the turn of the 19-20 centuries. He was invented to replace this competition in the winter. The game involves the use of all parts of the body, except for the legs, for hammering the ball into the opponent's goal.

The origin of handball is not exactly established, as similar games were mentioned in medieval verses by Walter von der Vogelweide.

The official date of the birth of the game in the "handball" is usually considered to be 1898. The physical education teacher of the school in the Danish town of Ordrup Holger Nielsen introduced the game for women's groups a game called handbold in which teams of 7 played on a small playing field, Friend and trying to get into the opponent's goal.

Studies of later periods suggest that handball originated even earlier. In 1890, the game of Khazen became popular, which in translation means "throwing, throwing", the terms of which very much resemble the rules of handball.

In 1917, Max Heiser combined handbold and chazen, creating a new game for women, called "hand ball."

By 1918, the development of two opposing currents of the game began to be observed: in the east of the Czech Khazen, and in the west and in the north - of German handball.

The formation of handball as an international sport in 1926 prompted the spread of the game and the emergence of handball clubs in a number of countries.

Features of the match

Handball is a fairly dynamic game. Unlike football, where you can see only a couple of goals scored for the whole game, there are constant attacks in handball. But this is not basketball, because the ball is thrown into the goal, and not into the basket. The task in this kind of game is complicated by the increased dimensions of the goal and the reduced size of the ball.

In 1914, Dr. E.F. Maly developed a fairly clear and detailed rules for playing handball, later many of them were applied in the preparation of the rules of the international standard for this sport. We can say that it is Russian handball that is the first complete version of this game in the world.

This kind of competition is team-based. The competitions are held indoors, on the open ground, and there is a beach view of this game.

Conditions of competitions

The size of the area should be 20 * 40 m, and the gate - 2 * 3 m. The game uses a ball of small diameter, and its size and weight vary depending on the female or male belonging of the players, as well as on their age.

How many times in handball? The whole game is divided into two halves of 30 minutes, with interruptions of 10 minutes. The goal of the event is to throw the maximum number of balls into the goal of the opposing team, and you can not step outside the line that limits the space in front of the goal. The game begins with a throw in any direction from the center of the court. All actions of the playing teams are evaluated by two judges.

As a health-preventive, that is, a sports facility, the game of handball is more accessible and easier to implement. Regarding football, basketball and volleyball, it is more effective, but for some unknown reason it is less popular. This kind of sport can be done by anyone.

It is safer and more democratic than many others, as it does not require any special skills of possession of the ball or physical data. Avoiding cruelty in attack and defense, that is, power struggle, handball is very easy to adapt for groups of health of adults and elderly people of different levels of fitness and for children's, youth groups of general physical fitness. Many teachers apply a hand-out plan for physical training of middle classes in school.

This kind of sport is convenient because they can be practiced anywhere: on the beach, in the pool, in the gym, on the street, using any ball and a minimum of equipment.

Handball: the rules of the game

1. The beginning of the match. At the beginning of the game, you enter the ball into the middle of the field. The participant receiving the pitch must be at a 3-meter distance. Such submissions can be made during the competition after a goal scored or at the beginning of the next half.

2. Team members are allowed to touch the ball with any parts of the body, except for the legs, handball is allowed, and the field can be moved freely, leading the ball and passing the ball. A partner is allowed to throw the ball only if he is more than three meters away from him.

3. This match has a few simple but very important rules. Before making a pass or throwing the ball into the opponent's goal, each participant has the right to keep it only for three seconds. At the same time with the ball in hand, you can do 3 steps, no more, then you will have to transfer it to someone else.

4. What can a goalkeeper do when playing handball?

• To protect the gate area, you can touch the ball with any part of the body, including the legs.
• Throw the ball within the goal area.
• Go to the playing field and take part directly in the fight for the ball, applying the general rules of handball.

5. What can not the goalkeeper do?

• Exposing the opponent to danger, protecting your zone.
• Leave the goal line with the ball.
• Touch the ball outside the line until the other player touches it.
• Return with the ball back to the gate.
• Cross the restrictive line of the goalkeeper, while the opponent, performing a 7-meter throw, did not fold the ball.

6. When is the ball considered offside?

• When he rolled over the side line of the field through the fault of one of the participants, in this case, the opposing team enters the ball into the game from the point of the previous crossing of the field boundary.
• If the ball crosses the goal line through the fault of the goalkeeper or the attacker, in this case the goalkeeper enters into action.
• In case the ball touches the ceiling, the referee draws a controversial ball by throwing it into the air.

7. Timeout. During the game, the coaches of both teams, regardless of how many handball goes, may take one time out for 1 minute. A judge can stop time and announce a timeout in several cases:

• Disqualification and recording of removal from the game for 2 minutes.
• The purpose of the seven-meter throw.
• Violation of the rules of replacement or withdrawal to the site of an extra player.
• If the judges need to consult.

8. When are participants replaced? In handball, players can be replaced unlimited times. A replacement team member can enter the field only after the replaced handball player leaves it. Crossing of participants is carried out only through the replacement field. The same rules are followed when changing the goalkeepers.

9. In case of violation of the rule, a two-minute deletion from the game is assigned. If the rules of handball are violated by several athletes, then only the first of them is punishable by removal, and the match continues after the free throw of the opposing team.

10. If an extra player enters the field or intervenes in the course of the fight from the substitution zone, he is penalized for 2 minutes, and the team at this time continues to participate in the reduced composition. Rivalry continues after a free throw team-rival.

11. Passive game. The team leading the ball must guide it into the attack zone and throw it at the enemy's gate. If the transfer of the ball from the defensive zone to the attack zone is delayed, then it is considered a passive game. The team is penalized by a free throw from the place where the ball was during the suspension of the match. A free throw is made by the opposing team. Such maneuvers can be carried out by the team intentionally to stretch the handball time and not allow opponents to take possession of the ball. If the judge has been noticed the slightest attempt of conducting passive tactics, for the beginning he makes a warning to the team. If this method continues, a free throw is awarded against the players holding the ball.

Handball rules allow:

• To block and take possession of the ball, use your hands.
• Use an open palm to knock the ball off the opponent's hand.
• Shield the opponent's body, even if he has a ball.
• To obstruct the opponent's actions, touch his hands from the front.

In handball is not allowed:

• Tear the ball from the opponent's hands.
• To block or repel an opponent with his feet and hands.
• Perform any physical action: jumping on an opponent, raiding, pushing, holding, girth or any other action that could jeopardize it.

Depending on the severity of each violation in this kind of competition, such as handball, the rules of the game presuppose first a warning, then a 2 minute suspension, seven-meter or free throws or even a disqualification.

Punitive measures are applied by the degree of increase. In the event that a participant inflicts harm on others, exposes them to danger regardless of the break or the time of the game, he can be disqualified without warning.

A 7-meter throw can be assigned on the assumption of gross violations, which indirectly or directly caused the subsequent stop of the competition. This throw is carried out from a distance of seven meters from the location of the gate, in this case, rivals have no right to interfere in any way with the player, intercepting the ball. The goalkeeper at this time has no right to go beyond the 4-meter gate zone beyond the specified line.

Assault on the gate

Judges will count the goal if the ball has completely crossed the entire width of the goal line, provided that the player's rules are correctly executed by the player. Behind all this closely watches the judge, who is at the goal line. If everything is correctly done, he will show that the goal was scored.

A goal is scored even if the defending team member allows some irregularities during the ball hit.

A hit is not counted when the timekeeper or the judge interrupts the game until the ball is completely crossed by the goal line.

A goal can be credited to a team of opponents if the competitor accidentally hits his own goal, except for the moment, the code is executed the goalkeeper's throw.

Suitable shoes for handball

In this sport it is reasonable to use sneakers. They provide strong adhesion to the floor surface. Their additional advantage is ease in walking and running, created by good flexibility of the sole and shock absorption. In the modern market there are many options that are suitable for these parameters. Each athlete can now choose the most suitable model.

What properties should a handball form have?

The rules of the game determine the requirements for handball. During the whole match, with a total duration of 1 hour and 10 minutes, the rival teams try to score as many goals as possible in the goal. It is allowed to use the head, hips, hands, body and knees, while one participant must not hold the ball for more than 3 seconds or run with him more than 3 steps.

With such an active game, the handball form should allow you to move unhindered, to have strength and convenience. Each participant's kit includes a T-shirt and shorts, usually of different colors. When choosing a game form, it is important to pay attention to every detail: the quality of the fabric, the seams, the tailoring, the style, the shade, etc.

Goalkeeper outfit differs from the costumes of the participants on the field in that it is more closed, this is necessary to reduce the pain from getting hit by the ball. After all, regardless of how many times in handball, training takes a longer time. During the game, falling and close contact between participants is possible. To create such clothes, special knitted fabrics with strong and rigid structure are used.

In professional struggle, as a rule, two types of costumes are used: training and playing. They have differences in the composition of the canvas and the style.

Fabrics containing a large percentage of cotton fibers have better air permeability and provide high comfort to the socks, but they lose their original form faster and stretch. To replace the cotton began to come synthetic fibers that can quickly remove excess moisture, keep the shape and dry quickly, they will not appear scuffed and tightened, and care for them is quite simple.

Handball

By all rules the ball for handball is created from a synthetic material on the basis of polyurethane or from natural leather. Its surface must have anti-slip properties. Under it is a layer of foam, providing softness of the ball. As a rule, it should be sticky to the touch in order to maximize its capture. During the game, many participants use handball mastic, it provides the maximum possible contact between the palm and the ball.

For beach competitions balls are made of foam rubber with a smooth and dry surface. Quite often they can be found in bright colors.

The main sizes of balls for handball:

• The ball with a circle of 50-52 cm has a weight of 290-330 g. Game use - for teams of girls and boys 8-14 years.
• A ball with a circumference of 54-56 cm has a weight of 325-375 g. It is used in women's teams over 14 years old and men's teams after 16 years.
• The ball, adapted for playing men over 16 years old, has a circumference of 58-60 cm and weighs 425-475 g.

Creation and development of beach handball

The game originates in the 90-ies of the twentieth century. Beach handball literally immediately attracted attention and gained its admirers and admirers.

His popularity was due to several factors:

• Additional points for a beautifully scored ball into the opponent's goal.
• Unconventional rules.
• Beautiful game.

In relation to classical handball beach has several distinctive features, so it is recognized as an independent sport.

Beach Russian handball began to develop at full strength in the early 2000s. In this sport are superior to all Italian athletes, but in professionalism and popularity, they are almost inferior to the representatives of the following countries:

• Russia.
• Ukraine.
• Belarus.
• Spain.
• Holland.
• Greece.

Established game rules and necessary equipment for the match

Developing rules for this type of game is a separate conversation. They were installed by all the same Italians who own the idea of beach handball.

According to the conditions, each team consists of 8 people, two of whom are goalkeepers. On the playing field must be 4 players, one of which is the goalkeeper. At the same time, the members of both teams should be dressed in a different form and walk barefoot. You can wear socks or bandage your feet.

A goal is scored only when the ball completely crosses the goal line, and if the throw was executed beautifully and spectacularly, two points are credited for it. In addition, for the goal added two points, if it was carried out from a distance of 6 meters, or if it was executed by the goalkeeper. Therefore, even with a large difference in the results of teams, there is always the possibility to align the account.

The size of the area should be 27 m in length, 12 m in width + goalie zones, each equal to 3 m wide and 2 m high.

For the game use a ball weighing 350 g / 55 cm in circumference for men, and an easier option for women is 300 g / 50 cm.

Carrying out of competitions

On beach handball, there are currently held numerous competitions, championships of Europe and the world. Games are held in male and female teams of mixed type. In the last few years, the tendency of children's competitions in beach handball has started to increase.

It is important to note that beach handball reached the world level by the beginning of 2000. As a result of the first world championship, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus were able to take the majority of prize places in competitions of both sexes.

Today handball in Russia does not stand still and is actively developing. For those wishing to create regional schools, so that the teams of our athletes in the future could easily win the title of Champions.