Protein as the most important element in the composition of blood plasma

The importance of blood can not be overestimated. This liquid completely provides the vital functions of organs and tissues and removes waste products of metabolism. It is due to blood that every cell of the body is able to fully exist.

Blood consists more than half of the plasma. Plasma is a fluid that contains a slurry of blood cells - they make up about ten percent of the plasma. The composition of blood plasma is extremely diverse - it's amino acids, and peptides, bilirubin, creatine, and many other inclusions. In addition, the composition of the blood plasma includes proteins - one of the most important elements.

Depending on its structure, proteins are also divided into groups - albumins, fibrinogen, globulins and prothrombin. All of them are part of the blood plasma, while performing various functions. Plasma of blood, the functions of which are very numerous, is recommended for transfusion in case of surgical intervention. In many ways, it is plasma that can help a person who needs a transfusion.

The most abundant among all proteins are albumins. They are very light (the lowest molecular weight among all elements), so they are easily transported and connected to other elements. Albumins are formed in the liver. The second largest category of proteins is globulins, which are also produced by the liver. Significantly less plasma contains fibrinogen - it is only about four percent, but nevertheless is very important for many protective processes. And very little in the blood contains prothrombin.

The proteins that make up the blood plasma perform different functions. Due to them the water distribution between the tissues and vessels proceeds, the liquid medium remains constant, the cells are provided with nutrients and are "cleaned" from the metabolic products that have been worked out and not needed for the organism. In addition, proteins take an active part in the protective function.

Albumins maintain osmotic blood pressure . This means that they are responsible for the correct pressure of the blood fluid at every point of the body. If a part of albumin in the blood falls, then this can lead to the removal of fluid and the formation of edema (a vivid example of lowering albumin levels - gestosis of the second half of pregnancy). Another important function of albumins is the transport of various substances. Albumins tolerate both beneficial nutrients and toxins that are neutralized by the body in the liver.

Globulins respond in many respects for the immunity of the body, agglutination (the ability of erythrocytes to glue, which determines the blood group).

Prothrombin in combination with fibrinogen gives us a blood viscosity index , which is especially important, because the greatest mortality in post-Soviet countries is from cardiovascular diseases. The composition of blood plasma in many ways affects the ability of blood vessels and the heart to the optimal transfer of blood throughout the body. It is the prothrombin that regulates the viscosity, and therefore affects the ability of the vessels to easily transfer blood through the body.

Fibrinogen is an active participant in the process of coagulation. It is due to fibrinogen that filaments of fibrin are formed, which form a thrombus-clot. With the bleeding that opens, it is the action of fibrinogen that helps stop blood and form a thrombus and crust (if the wound hole is on the surface). This ability of blood to coagulation saves the body from significant blood loss. However, some people suffer from a disease such as hemophilia - the inability to form blood clots. If the X chromosome bears a malfunction in the information, then this can lead to the absence of proliferation of fibrin strands, and, hence, the impossibility of formation of a thrombus. Such a vice once again illustrates how important function is performed by fibrinogen, because hemophiliacs are under constant fear of death from blood loss at the slightest damage.

The composition of the blood plasma is diverse, but it is the proteins that play the most important function. It is important for a person to undergo regular tests to determine the amount of protein elements and, if necessary, take measures to establish homeostasis in the blood environment.