Principles of building a budget system and their content

In Russia, as in any country, the formation of the budget system is based on certain principles. Principles are the most general and essential provisions that determine the structure, content and nature of the interaction of all aspects relating to the work of the budgetary system. Such principles in the Russian Federation are fixed and considered in detail in a special legislative act - the Budget Code. Directly the principles of building the state budget system are set out in the fifth chapter of this Code.

The most important principles of the functioning of the budgetary system will be considered below.

1. The principle of level delineation of the budget balance provides that specific types of budget resources are formed by their strictly specified sources of tax revenue. In addition, the level factor is taken into account here, i.e. Differentiation of tax and budget structures into federal and regional ones.

2. The established principles of the unity of the budgetary system provide for the preservation and its operation as a single whole systemic education functioning on the basis of a common monetary system and unified types of budget documentation and general laws.

3. The principle of independence is:

- granting the right to implement the budget process to local (regional) legislative bodies ;

- availability of each budgetary process for its base for its formation;

- Legislative distribution of powers to form budgets;

- the right of power institutions to distribute articles of expenditure of budgetary funds and sources of their replenishment.

4. Principles for the construction of the budgetary system, providing for the full coverage of all budget resources accumulated in the country's system and their full use for financing programs provided for by budget legislation.

5. The principles of the balance of budgets assume that the amount of funds in the expenditure part of the budget corresponds to the capacity of the sources to replenish it. Minimizing its deficit is the main rule that ensures the implementation of this principle.

6. The principle of efficiency implies the economical expenditure of budgetary resources, which obliges the authorities to achieve the solution of economic problems at the lowest cost.

7. The principle of publicity establishes that all information pertaining to the course of the budget process should be published in the media. In addition, this principle establishes that all procedures for approving budget plans should be open. Secret articles are reviewed and approved only at the federal level.

8. The principle of reliability means a high degree of reliability and reliability of information on the content of budgetary activities, the realism of forecasting the budget process and its implementation.

9. The principles of building a budgetary system based on targeting and strict targeted use of resources assume that they are distributed in such a way that the recipient can dispose of them only after convincing justification of the purposes of financing.

In accordance with the amendments to the Code, the budgets can not be redistributed between their levels, with the exception of the federal one, which creates special funds for targeted financing of urgent state or social programs.

Federal acts that are relevant to the regulation of the budget process, and establish the responsibility that can be borne by officials who have committed violations in this area. Such authorization can also be seen as an additional and necessary principle of the budget system. The principles of building a budget system are a substantial basis for creating a legal framework for regulating budget processes.