Prince Peter Vyazemsky: Biography and Creativity

What did Prince Andreevich Vyazemsky remember? A brief biography of him can be expressed in several words: the famous Russian prince, critic and poet. He graduated from the St. Petersburg Academy. Petr Andreevich became the first chairman of the Russian Historical Society, and was his co-founder. The outstanding personality of the golden age was Famous statesman, friend of Alexander Pushkin, Peter Vyazemsky, whose brief biography can not describe all his services to the Fatherland. Now let's move on to a more detailed narrative about his life.

Family, genus Vyazemsky

Prince Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky was born in Moscow, on July 23, His parents came from a noble and wealthy family. The Vyazemsky family in Russia was very famous, it originated from Rurik. These are the descendants of Monomakh.

Peter's father, Andrei Ivanovich, was a secret adviser, Penza and Nizhny Novgorod governor. Mother, Evgenia Ivanovna (in the nee O'Reilly) - born in Ireland. In the first marriage she wore the name Kin.

His parents met when his father was toured Europe. Relatives were categorically against marriage with a foreigner. But Peter's father was adamant in this matter and acted in his own way, having married Eugene.

Childhood of Peter

Vyazemsky had his own estate near Moscow in Ostafievo. First, Andrew Ivanovich in honor of the birth of his son (Peter) acquired completely the whole village. After this, for seven years, built a chic two-story mansion. Nowadays it is called the Russian Parnassus. In Ostafyevo, Peter spent his childhood.

"Second Father" of Peter

Peter Vyazemsky lost his parents as a child. When he was 10 years old, his mother died. And after 5 years did not become a living father. The young prince became the sole heir of a huge fortune. True, after becoming more mature, he still "licked" the lion's share on the game of cards.

While Peter was small, Karamzin, the husband of the half-sister of the young prince, took care of him. As a result, Peter was a member of the Moscow literary community from his childhood. Karamzin also called the "second father."

Education

At first Petra was brought up at home, as well as many aristocratic children. Teachers were invited to the house. As a result, Peter Vyazemsky received a wonderful home education, was very erudite.

In 1805 he was sent to continue his studies at the St. Petersburg Jesuit boarding school, which was established at the Pedagogical Institute. A year later, Peter returned to Moscow, because, despite the monastic upbringing, he was irresistibly attracted to the wild life. At home he began to take private lessons from invited German professors.

The first epigram of Peter Vyazemsky

The first work (epigram) Peter Vyazemsky wrote on his Russian teacher. By a strange accident, he quarreled with him almost immediately. And he did not invite me to teach him any more. The epigram was very popular with German professors.

The influence of Karamzin on Petr Andreevich

After the death of Peter's father, Karamzin had a great influence on him, replacing his parent. At that time he was already very famous in the literary environment and the idol of the readers. Vyazemsky very quickly learned Karamzin's views not only on creativity, but also on history.

The beginning of creative activity

"The test pen" in Peter began early, as with many people who received an excellent education. He wrote his first poems in French. In general, they were only imitative. At that time the Russian language had not yet become a fundamental literary one. Its creator is Pushkin. And with him Peter Vyazemsky met and became friends much later.

In the "Bulletin of Europe", founded in 1802 by Karamzin, in 1807 a small article appeared "On Magic". Signed it was just B ... But historians have every reason to believe that it belonged to Peter. These were his initial creative experiences. Although his first printed work is considered to be published in 1808.

Creative style of Peter

Petr Andreevich's own style of poetry has been developed gradually since 1810. He was different from his contemporaries. In his first works prevailed despondency, elegies and friendly messages. Peter tried to strive for aphorism and accuracy of thought, neglecting the harmony and ease of the syllable.

Personal life of Peter

Vyazemsky married in 1811 on Princess Vera Gagarina. Biography Vyazemsky Peter Andreevich describes the unusual circumstances of his acquaintance and marriage with his future wife. One day, during the party, one girl threw her slipper into the pond. Many young people rushed to get it. Among them was Peter. But the young prince choked with water. He was dragged out, pumped out, but he could not return home temporarily, because of his weakness.

Petra was put in bed in the house where Vera lived. She diligently courted him while he had to stay with them. Between the acquaintances went a variety of rumors. Father Vera was forced to talk with the guest about marriage, so as not to disgrace the good name of the princess. Peter agreed, and the wedding took place. Only he was married sitting in the armchair.

Marriage was successful. Happy and durable. Faith was much older than Peter. And somehow she immediately took the lead in the house. The princess was not called a beauty, but this defect was compensated by her lively, kindhearted and cheerful disposition. Subsequently, she became very fond of Pushkin, who at that time had already become a friend of Peter.

Biography Vyazemsky Peter Andreevich: the war years

In 1812 (at the beginning of the Patriotic War) Peter voluntarily became a militiaman. At first he was adjutant under General Miloradovich. Participated in the Battle of Borodino. But because of his short-sightedness and impressionability, he was rather a witness of historical events. Moreover, the prince was not born a warrior.

Being at an age, in his memoirs, he always noted that sometimes he could not even understand what was happening around, not to mention that because of poor vision he could not participate even in small battles. Sometimes he asked his secretary, in whose address they write official papers.

Military feat of Peter

But Peter did a military feat. During the battle of Borodino, General Bakhmetev was badly wounded. Peter saw this, provided the military commander with all possible help and stayed with him until the end of the battle. As a result, Bakhmetev remained alive, and the prince was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir fourth degree.

How did Peter's creativity change after the war

Memories of the horrors of the war left unforgettable wounds in the soul of the impressionable Peter. Sentimental motives were discarded. And the work came close to Zhukovsky's lyrics. During this period Vyazemsky wrote several warlike works. One of them Peter dedicated to the deceased Kutuzov.

Petr Vyazemsky, biography: Arzamas

In 1815, relations between supporters of Karamzin and Shishkov became aggravated. Vyazemsky and some other poets and writers have united in the Arzamas group. In it, Peter was given the nickname Asmodeus, playful and ominous. In "Arzamas" all creative personalities indulged in black magic. And associated it with their works. They spoke grave words for still living rivals, and so on.

Many years later, Vyazemsky began to believe that such an obscene activity affected him as a punishment. He believed that a conspiracy of silence was created around him. And so he was cut off from the world. It was in "Arzamas" between Pushkin and Vyazemsky first rivalry broke out. But then it turned into friendship.

The first years of civil service

Since 1818 Peter began to serve in Warsaw as an interpreter under the emperor. Vyazemsky was present in Poland when the first Diet was opened. He translated the speeches of Alexander I, together with other officials he compiled the State Literacy of the Russian Empire. Peter also translated into Russian from French many books and documents.

At first his works were highly appreciated. In 1819, Peter received the post of court counselor. A few months later he became a college student (rank equal to the colonel). At this time, Vyazemsky often met with Alexander I, discussing the constitution.

The end of Peter's public service

In 1820, Pyotr Vyazemsky, whose biography is closely connected with the "ups and downs", joined the group of "good landlords" and signed a document on the release of the peasants. But Alexander I did not want to carry out such a reform, than disappointed the poet. Peter began to write poetry, showing their point of view in them.

As a result, he was removed from service for this. At that time, Peter was on vacation in Russia. But after writing his poems, he was banned from entering Poland. Vyazemsky, deeply offended, resigned. Alexander I was extremely unhappy with this, but the document was signed.

Vyazemsky is a "Decembrist without December"

Prince Peter Vyazemsky did not want to personally participate in the secret societies of the Decembrists. But before the arrest, Pushkin came to him with a proposal to save the papers, which friend he considers necessary. Only 32 years later Vyazemsky returned the poet's portfolio with forbidden poems by many authors.

Only for one act of storing such documents Peter could go to penal servitude. Despite the fact that he did not hesitate to keep the taboos, Vyazemsky did not participate in the uprising. He believed that the bloody methods of the coup are unacceptable and more peaceful options can be found.

Depression of the Decembrists Peter experienced very hard. Some of his works are connected with this period of his life. But he remained true to his convictions. As a result, he began to be considered a dangerous oppositionist. As a result, since 1820, secret surveillance was established behind him.

The activities of the disgraced poet

In the years 1821-1828. Vyazemsky was in disgrace with the authorities and lived mainly in Moscow. At that time he became interested in journalism and founded the magazine "Moscow Telegraph". I started to criticize, which was always very sharp. He wrote many reviews on the works of other authors. He translated into Russian the novel "Adolf" and "Crimean Sonnets". I was going to write my own.

Despite the disgrace, he unfolded such activities that his name became one of the five most popular writers of the time. Pyatr Andreevich Vyazemsky, whose books were read aloud, became so famous that many of his quotations turned into proverbs, and poetry into folk songs. His most famous and popular books are:

• "The old notebook";
• "Road Think";
• "From the poetic heritage";
• "Be in love. Pray. Sing";
• "On the road and at home";
• "Selected poems."

Naturally, the government did not like his independent position after the Decembrist uprising. And since 1827 Vyazemsky began to "poison". Peter was accused of debauchery and bad influence on the youth. Golitsyn was ordered to warn Vyazemsky about the cessation of his activities, otherwise the government was going to "take measures". And the reason was a false denunciation of Peter, where it was said that he was going to publish a newspaper under someone else's authorship. In his reply letter, in which resentment sounded, he threatened to leave his homeland. But because of the family he had to stay.

Return to the civil service

By 1829 the financial situation of the Vyazemsky family had become deplorable. Peter was "cornered", desperate. For the sake of the family, he decided to reconcile himself with the government and wrote an apology to Emperor Nicholas. The monarch demanded to bring them orally, not only to him, but also to his royal brother in Warsaw.

As a result, Pyotr Viazemsky, whose photo is in this article, was again admitted to the civil service. He worked as an official on special assignments to the Minister of Finance until 1946. During this time Vyazemsky managed to become a chamberlain of the imperial court and vice president of foreign trade. In the 1850-1860's. Rose to the Deputy Minister of Education.

In 1856 Vyazemsky was appointed to the post of Chief of the Headquarters of the Censorship Department. He tried not to miss the best creative talent, but was between two fires. The older generation praised him, and such, like Herzen, "hayali". The Emperor did not see anything useful in his activity. And Vyazemsky had to resign.

The last years of Peter's life

In the last years of his life, Peter was able to achieve high positions in the imperial court. I had easy access to Alexander's close circle. Vyazemsky became a senator and a member of the State Council. Peter lived mostly abroad.

But health already made itself felt. He began to have long insomnia and nervous disorders, which were followed by bouts of depression and drinking-bouts. Even his poems at this time reflect a melancholy and disappointment in life. The condition of Vyazemsky worsened with every death of relatives and people close to him. He was forgotten as a poet. Verses stopped understanding.

Before his death Peter Vyazemsky, whose work no longer fit in one book, managed to write a collection of works, the first volume of which was published after his death. He died at the age of 86, 10.11 (22 NS) in 1978 in Baden-Baden. Vyazemsky was buried in Petersburg.