Philosophy of nursing - what is it? Principles of Nursing Philosophy

Philosophy - a concept that is trying to comprehend for more than one century. In Greek, it means love and wisdom. To be more precise, philosophy is characterized as a love of wisdom.

In general, this concept implies a certain system of ideas about the world, which are interconnected and integral.

Philosophy is one of the most ancient sciences in the world. Her "age" is more than three thousand years. The first philosophers appeared in such developed countries of the time as Greece, India, China and Rome. It was a distant 7-6 century BC.

Now there is a more general concept of this definition. It says that philosophy is one of the forms of spiritual activity. Its direction is represented by analysis and synthesis of the issues of creating the world, the place of man in it, its integrity and necessity. In general, we can make a logical conclusion that philosophy is nothing but a special kind of consciousness or emotional attitude, a peculiar system with its own principles and requirements.

Philosophy of Medicine

In ancient Greece, the philosophy of nursing was formed. People then believed in different gods, each of whom was in charge of his "category". The goddess of health was Hygia. It was wisdom, warned of human diseases, harmoniously united soul and feelings, body and mind.

The philosophy of nursing was of interest to many great people. For example, Francis Bacon was convinced that philosophy and medicine are two inseparable concepts. The scientist believed that if one of them does not complement the other, then it makes no sense. The Greek philosopher Epicurus said that the goal of medicine is to heal the body, and philosophy to the soul. Together, they, according to the scientist, were supposed to make a person eternal.

The philosophy of nursing is what unites the area of medical problems, the life of a person, his soul and problems.

The subject of comprehension in this case is nothing more than a system of values. It is she who pays special attention to biology and medicine, to health care in general. Philosophy of nursing ... What is it? Asking such a question, it should be understood that it implies a basis for all actions of doctors and human faith in tomorrow. In general, it can be called a psychological tool, the medical effect of which is unusually large.

Philosophy of Nursing in Russia

The philosophy of nursing, however, like any specialty, must be in constant movement. This is explained by the fact that the world is changing every year, which means that all sciences must be adapted to it.

Since the creation of this direction, people's views have changed many times, just as the attitude towards this profession has changed. In general, it can be said that the philosophy of nursing is a concept that largely depends on the region, the national mood of people, the presence or absence of medical institutions, and the branches of their work.

The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted relatively recently when compared with the rest of the world's countries and states. This is due to the peculiarities of views on this profession, because the employee was forced to adapt to new reforms. This led to significant changes in the socio-economic sphere.

Basic concepts

The philosophy of nursing in Russia is based on such basic aspects as:

• health;
• The patient's personality;
• Specialty as a science;
• A profession as an art;
• the world.

Each of the above aspects is extremely important and has certain values.

Philosophy as art

Nursing as an art implies a special influence on every aspect of human life. It can influence both its general emotional background, its relation to life, and its physical state. All this was noticed by the philosophers of ancient states. The once legendary F. Nightingale said that nursing is nothing more than the art of antiquity and the science of modernity, the main task of which is to take care of the patient, his health and emotional background.

Philosophy as a science

From the scientific point of view, the philosophy of nursing involves medical knowledge and their aspects. It is subdivided into such branches as:

• ethics;
• sociology;
• psychology;
• aesthetics;
• Culturology;
• history.

The professional activity of nurses allows them to develop a special conceptual approach. Its base includes features of the specialty, its characteristics and methods. In general, this basis allows us to create a solid foundation for professional activity.

Patient's personality in philosophy

Philosophy in nursing has always been based on personality. In this case it concerns patients and patients. The problem of the individual meant, at all times, the place of man in the world in general.

Man, according to scientists, is nothing but a system that is characterized by integrity, self-regulation and dynamism. It is also a specific set of needs: physiological, spiritual, psychosocial. Satisfaction with them - the guarantee of a full life. It determines the development and growth of a person, his harmony or imbalance with the world around him.

For each patient, such concepts as the psychological, emotional, biological and spiritual side of life are characteristic. Their unity determines the integrity of the person, his soul and the system of views on the world. Each of these aspects is perceived differently by different people. These differences make it possible to form individuality and uniqueness.

Nursing implies that the staff will find an approach to any patient, competently respond to its problems, will not condemn for past or real errors. A respectful attitude to the values of life, traditions and beliefs is a feature of the philosophy of nursing.

Philosophy and the world around us

The philosophy of nursing reflects the influence of the surrounding world on a person, his life. Hippocrates argued that it is the environment in which a person is located that allows him to form the structure of his body, his soul and temperament. In his evidence, the scientist placed special emphasis on such factors as:

• weather;
• water;
• climate;
• relief;
• wind;
• Laws of the country;
• Human habits;
• Lifestyle;
• Form of government in the state.

F. Nightingale fully supported the opinion of Hippocrates, believing that to prevent illnesses or create a favorable ground for them, the environment can only.

In general, it can be characterized as a combination of certain conditions and factors: social, natural, spiritual, psychological. It is on it that the vital activity of the patient is based. We can distinguish such components as:

• Physical, which includes the concept of climate, water and air quality, geographical location, man-made environment;
• Cultural, which is based on a person (his behavior, relationship with others), in language, customs, traditions, etiquette, faith;
• Social, which implied the area of human life, for example, school, work, home.

Dates of education

The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted in 1993, although the first schools appeared in 1920. Then its component was human health. It was meant that it denotes the welfare of the patient psychologically, socially and physically. In other words, illnesses of the body and soul should be completely absent.

It is necessary to understand that health is a dynamic process that can not be limited. It can be objective, that is, as it is seen by everyone, and maybe subjective. The latter concept implies the ability to behave in the hands, their aspirations, the ability to protect themselves.

Subjective health shows whether a person can deal with stress, feelings of inferiority, fear, whether he is able to be a full-fledged person, to strive for something and achieve this. Any aspect of human activity should be aimed at health.

A bit of history

In 1927, the Russian government approved the rights and duties of nursing staff, it was assumed that they would help people who lost faith in themselves and their lives. The main condition was respect for the preferences and interests of the patient.

1993, when the medical philosophy was adopted, became decisive. Already in 1994, the Association of Nurses of Russia was established. She actively participated in the life of the country and the world as a whole. A year later the first thesis on the given topic was written. This allowed the opening of the faculty of nursing in the Medical Academy of Moscow.

In general, nurses of mercy have always existed and actively helped people. Previously, they showed enviable courage, because their field of activity were military hospitals, the rear of military events. These courageous women saved lives for millions of soldiers around the world. Their dedication has proved their necessity to all. And now every military respectfully speaks about this staff.

Principles of Philosophy

The principles of the philosophy of nursing involve the following:

• Respect for life;
• Respect for human rights;
• Respect for the past and the present patient;
• Respect for human dignity.

The staff of the nursing profession believes that life is a sacred gift for every person that he has the right to dispose of. Each person is one with her preferences, rights, choice and needs. You can not disentangle these concepts, since they are inseparable.

Sister - the person who carefully affects the person, without affecting his personal qualities, not condemning. She respects his choice and preferences, helps him achieve harmony with himself and the world around him.

conclusions

Thus, the philosophy of nursing is a system of views on the relationship between human health and his soul. It is very important to achieve this unity on its own or with the help of specialists. Now the philosophy of nursing in Russia is considered a popular and demanded direction, which is in demand.

Nursing care is a universal area. Man needs him throughout his life. Providing help, the sister creates a salutary atmosphere that positively affects both the patient's physical and mental state. An important condition is maintaining confidentiality. A person understands that everything he says to his sister will be saved by her.

Sisters actively participate in solving problems with the environment, fighting for the rights of people, their psychological mood, develop philosophy, art and science. Nursing is the future not only of Russia, but of the whole world. Unfortunately, many states began to understand this only now. To correct the world is the prerogative of the young, and the nursing staff is an excellent opportunity to contribute to this.