Painting of wooden products: technology, tools, types of paints and varnishes

Virtually all wooden surfaces and interior items need painting. On the one hand, it helps to protect them from disastrous external influences, and on the other hand, creates the necessary decorative effect. At first glance, it may seem that there is nothing complicated in this process, and anyone who wishes can cope with the task set. But do not forget that the quality of the painting of wooden products depends not only on the appearance, but also on the duration of the service of these items. That is why, long before the beginning of work, it is necessary to study all the nuances and subtleties of the procedure, determine the choice of coverage and consider the technology of wood coloring. In this article, we will take a closer look at each step, from the selection of the instrument to the application of paint.

Characteristics of paints for woodworking

The paint for woodworking is of three types: on oil, alkyd and acrylic basis. Choosing the appropriate option, it is necessary to take into account the breed of wood to be coated, the conditions, as well as the climate in which the product will be used.

For example, acrylic paint can be used on any type of wood, except for varieties with a high content of resin. As a basis, water acts, so the composition does not emit an unpleasant odor, dries quickly and is considered an environmentally friendly finishing material. Acrylic paint does not clog the pores of the tree, allowing it to retain its natural breathing properties. The coating is very easy to apply, it is resistant to moisture and low temperature, and also able to maintain a saturated color for a long time.

Painting wooden products with alkyd compounds can reliably protect wood from the harmful effects of moisture. This paint and varnish is characterized by excellent frost resistance and affordable cost. The components in the material form a protective film that repels water. But alkyd paints are not able to penetrate deep into the structure of wood, because of what the coating turns out to be very short-lived.

Oil compositions are made on the basis of drying oil, therefore have a sharp smell and are quite toxic. Such paints are characterized by increased wear resistance, color saturation and the ability to withstand sudden temperature changes. It is rather difficult to work with this material, since it often produces streaks on the surface. Nevertheless, the painting of wooden products made from resinous wood is most often carried out by this means.

Enamel

The composition of this material is characterized by an increased content of film-forming components that perform protective functions. This allows the use of enamel, even for outdoor work. It should be noted that this coating has an exceptionally white color. If necessary, concentrated dyes are used, which are added already in the enamel itself. The white base does not allow to get bright shades, therefore the resulting colors are much paler than the tones indicated in the dye palette. Unlike water-based paints, enamels have a strong unpleasant odor and require regular airing of the painted premises. It should also take into account the fact that white paint for wood is not able to hide the structure of the substrate, so it can only be used on flat surfaces that do not have dark defects. In some cases, flaws have to be leveled using a putty.

What else is needed to paint a tree

The list of necessary tools and accessories includes:

- tool for coloring (brush, roller, spray gun);

- putty knife;

- gloves;

- respirator;

- tray for paint;

- Painting tape;

- Putty;

- primer;

- Grinding machine or sandpaper.

Depending on the type of surface to be painted, this list can be supplemented.

Choosing Brushes

That the painted surface looked beautifully and accurately, it is necessary to give proper attention to the choice of painter's accessories. Correctly selected paint brushes will help to apply the most even and thick layer of coating, which will contribute to long-term preservation of wood.

For surface treatment with varnish, oil composition or antiseptic, it is better to use brushes with bristles made of natural materials. For work with water-based paints, it is recommended to buy paint brushes with artificial bristles, because, unlike natural, it does not absorb water and does not lose its elasticity.

Also do not forget about the size of the instrument. To paint a large area, a brush is 150 mm wide, 12 mm wide for narrow ones. To paint corners and wooden frames, brushes with a width of 25 mm are best, and for work in hard-to-reach places it is better to use wedge-shaped brushes.

Before starting the work, the instrument is soaked for an hour in water so that the hairs of the bristles swell, increase in volume and become more elastic.

Preparation of wooden facades for painting

The choice of paint depends on what kind of result the owner wants to get: completely paint over the structure of the tree or leave it visible. In the first variant, acrylic or oily agents are used, in the second - colored antiseptics, which after drying are covered with varnish.

Painting a wooden house from the outside begins with the preparation of the surface. If the facade is not painted for the first time, all previous layers of paint, putty and primer should be removed. To do this, use fine sandpaper, a grinder , a special wash or a construction hair dryer. If the old paint is well kept and does not peel off, a new coating can be applied over it, but in this case, the same composition as previously used should be used. Determine what was done painting the wooden house (outside or inside - it's not important), you can by cutting a small piece of the old coating: the acrylic paint is immediately curtailed, and the oil will quickly wash off.

Clean fresh wood from dust. If it is a rounded log, you need to remove all irregularities and smooth the knots. With this task, the grinding machine can easily be handled. Further, the walls are treated with an antiseptic primer, emphasizing the lower part of the house, which is most exposed to the negative effects of the environment.

Technology of facade coloring

When the primer is completely dry (a couple of days after the treatment), you can proceed to painting the facade.

For work, it is best to use a brush. Coating is applied in the longitudinal direction, trying to avoid excessively thick layers. Begin painting from the very top of the wall to prevent drops from falling onto the already covered area. During operation, the paint should be mixed periodically. This allows you to achieve the most consistent color throughout the surface. Particular attention should be given to the ends of the boards and logs, since they most need reliable protection.

It should also be taken into account that the quality of the work performed depends strongly on the weather conditions. Coating of the facade with paintwork materials should be carried out at an air temperature of at least +5 degrees. At the same time, the scorching sun will promote the drying of the paint too quickly, and high humidity does not allow the composition to be applied qualitatively.

Painting floors

At once it is necessary to focus attention on the fact that not all coloring compositions are suitable for the floor. This area uses a specially designed paint for this purpose. The floorboard is subject to rapid wear, so the paintwork should be characterized by maximum strength and resistance to wiping. Also, the resistance of the material to moisture and ultraviolet radiation is very important.

The technology of painting the floors is mostly similar to the process of painting the facade. Here, too, it is important to properly prepare the surface: clean the wood of dust, cover up the cracks and defects with putty, eliminate irregularities.

Work starts from the edges of the room. That during painting skirting boards not to soil the walls, their edges pasted with paint tape. Further on all area with the help of a roller or a wide brush paint is applied. The sexual surface is covered with a uniform layer so that the wood does not appear and darkened areas are not formed. After the paint has dried, it is recommended that you brush again across the floor. This will help to consolidate the result and make the surface more uniform. To cover last longer, it can be opened with a layer of protective varnish.

Painting furniture, doors and other decor elements

Painting of wooden products inside the house is performed using absolutely any coloring compositions. Wooden elements are well polished, if necessary shpaklyuyutsya, degreased and covered with paint. If we are talking about doors and furniture, then all the glass and mirror surfaces are removed or sealed.

Very often homemade use aerosol paint in cans. This method is convenient when painting small and hard-to-reach places. The paint is sprayed with a uniform layer at a distance of 25-30 cm. Special attention is required on the surface, on which white paint for wood will be applied. It strongly shows the structure of the wood, therefore, in order to achieve a uniform glossy effect, it is necessary to apply an even and thick layer of putty on the entire length of the product.

Using a paint spray gun

Simplify and accelerate the process of coloring will help special equipment for painting wooden products - spray gun. Pneumatic spraying allows you to create the highest quality coating. However, applying this technology, it is very difficult to apply paint evenly. Even the most experienced specialists can not guarantee the absence of sags, especially in the areas where boards are joined, where the excess of the solution is almost always collected. For this reason, the spray gun is not used when applying transparent compounds that make such defects very noticeable.

Helmet Dispersion Technology

The surface to be painted is conditionally divided into zones A, B, C, where sector A is considered to be the most important site. By painting it comes in the last place, when the master will get used to working with a spraying tool.

The trigger of the spray gun is pressed exclusively at the edge of the zone, moving in the direction of the wood fibers. It is very important to maintain the same distance between the sprayer and the surface, do not allow the tool to tilt and move it at the same speed. The trigger is released only when the torch approaches the edge of the painted area. The work is inspected under bright light, if defects are found, they are painted with higher speed.

How to calculate the required amount of paint

Before starting repair work it is very important to correctly calculate the right amount of paint. When making wooden surfaces, it is necessary to take into account the property of the material, such as the ability to absorb liquid, so it needs to be covered in 2-3 layers. Manufacturers of coloring compounds indicate on packaging their approximate consumption per 1 m ² , so all that the consumer needs is to correctly calculate the surface area that will be color-treated. On average, per 1 square meter you need 0.05 liters of funds. Thus, for a three-time painting of 10 m ^2, 1.5 liters of paint is required.

When undertaking work on the painting of wooden surfaces, one should heed the recommendations set forth in this article. This will help avoid unwanted errors and make a quality coating that will have a beautiful appearance and extend the life of the product itself.