Over a hundred years, the Kashchenko hospital is guarding the health of the population

Today, the Kashchenko hospital is the foremost scientific and therapeutic center in the field of psychiatry, in which the leading experts of the country and the world work. For help in this institution are sent those who are the most vulnerable and at the same time a dangerous category of patients. People with mental disorders are unable to give an account of their actions. And during a period of exacerbation of the disease can do anything.

The richest history of domestic psychiatry

For the first time a psychiatric hospital was decided to open in Moscow in 1894. At that time, the doctors had long understood that it was necessary to treat psychiatric patients, and not to isolate them, yielding to medieval prejudices, and this was done successfully. Funds for construction were donated by patrons under the direct supervision of the then mayor NA Alekseev. Especially for the new clinic they purchased a plot of land and started construction. The first corps, which housed 508 beds, opened in 1894 and 1896, Alekseev was killed by that time. Killed by the hand of someone to whom he was trying to help: he was killed by a mentally ill person. The construction was completed in 1905. In 1994, in memory of the founder, a chapel was built.

Since 1922, this medical institution was renamed in honor of the former chief physician P. P. Kashchenko, who ran the hospital from 1904 to 1907. In the people the clinic was simply called: "Kashchenko hospital." In 1994, historical justice was restored, and the hospital was given the name of its founder NA Alekseev, but the old name was firmly entrenched in people's memory.

Folklore and Culture

From the moment of its renaming and gaining wide popularity, the word "kashchenko" means a madhouse and is actively used in anecdotes, songs and works of art. It is possible that the famous writer and doctor MA Bulgakov, the hospital named after Kashchenko was sung in the novel "Master and Margarita". It was there that Ivan Bezdomny, who was so successfully treated by Professor Stravinsky , was pleased. But, maybe, this and other medical institution, the writer did not leave a clear reference, which institution served as a prototype of the famous clinic. The hospital Kashchenko is also mentioned in several songs of VS Vysotsky.

Not just a hospital, but also a museum

The history of psychiatry has many ups and downs, and today all this can be traced in the museum of the hospital, which is still popularly known as "Kanatchikovoy dacha", by the name of the merchant Kanatchikov, who bought a plot of land for the construction of a future clinic. The idea of creating the museum arose in the late seventies of the last century.

On the territory of only three exhibition halls, converted from hospital wards, and the whole story fits. See is on what. By the way, not only medical students may be interested in such an excursion, but also for the common man who decides to expand his horizons. And here you can listen to lectures of advanced scientists in the field of psychiatry.

To look is on what

In addition to history, the museum also reveres the legends, which are collected here a lot. According to one of them, a merchant told the Moscow chapter that if he privately bowed to his feet, he would donate a million for the construction of the hospital (according to other sources - only 300 thousand). Most likely, the rich man could not even think that Alexeyev would agree to such an action. But ... the merchant had to fork out. In the collection of the museum there are things that belonged to Nikolay Alekseev.

It is possible to follow the history of the development of science over the past two centuries, the metamorphosis of attitudes toward people with a sick psyche, especially in the century before and before, when the nature of such diseases was not known and believed that the mentally ill are associated with the devil, and applied to them barbarous technologies of "cure" . The Soviet period of the history of psychiatry was also abundantly represented, when doctors could do everything. They will also tell about their theater and nightclub. The museum's guide, a former hospital employee, who gave her nurse more than half a century, was herself a witness to what she tells the listeners.

Ancient medical history can be seen with your own eyes, along with drawings drawn by patients, personal belongings of doctors and simply life photos. You can see everything completely free of charge, the museum accepts visitors three times a week: on Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday. And with a group of more than 15 people you can listen to the story of the guide.

Modernity

Now the hospital is headed by OV Limankin, an excellent psychiatrist and a talented organizer. The personnel structure for today is completely kept and constantly increases, keeping thus traditions established in a basis by school Kashchenko. Today it is a high-class institution that provides psychiatric assistance to the population. Among other things, new methods of treatment and diagnosis of diseases are being developed, as well as the improvement of existing therapies.

All the pros and cons

The best way to tell about the activities of doctors is only the patients for whom the Kashchenko hospital becomes the last hope. Moscow and attracts hundreds of desperate people, because mental disorders - this is very serious, and sometimes it can be very difficult to help. Responsive and understanding staff helps to overcome a person's problems. It is their staff that the clinic is so proud of. Kashchenko. The hospital (reviews of its former patients are the best evidence of this) is highly respected among relatives of patients and those who have been helped to cope with the disease. After all come here sometimes without any hope of salvation, but people come out with a different, normal vision of peace and life. For anyone in the country and especially in Moscow, it is not a secret what the clinic is to them. Kashchenko. The hospital (address: Moscow, Zagorodnoye shosse, 2) is one of the largest specialized hospitals in the capital.

It is a modern medical-diagnostic and scientific center, which makes it possible to solve many problems of the psyche. Here the most advanced scientific research is conducted and the newest preparations are used, and the treatment is completely free. Problems, like any other medical institution, of course, are available, but they are all handled within the hospital. On patients they are not reflected in any way.