Methods of decision making in management

The art of ruling is the greatest of the arts. And although many people think that they know everything better than everyone else and could change the lives of others, and the company's work is more effective, in fact, the ability to manage is a rare gift. And like every rare gift, effective management is difficult to analyze. Each senior manager has his own secrets of management, which he does not particularly seek to share with others. Despite this, over the centuries of human history and the decade of the existence of management as a science, classical methods of decision-making in management, On which each manager has to rely.

The simplest method of making a decision is to make a decision by analogy. That is, the manager analyzes the events that took place in the past, finds a similar situation that has been successfully resolved, and makes a similar decision. By this method, by the way, English judges have actively used and are still using it when passing judgment. The drawback of this method is that it does not allow to achieve a truly effective result, since it does not take into account the features of the modern environment. Therefore, the most important strategic decisions in management Never accepted with this method.

Relatively similar is the method of peer review. Only in this case the decision is based not on historical facts, but on the personal experience of the person responsible for making the decision. The solution in this case can be risky and risk-free. The first option assumes that the expert is a kind of player who is trying to determine the best option, taking into account possible losses and possible profits. Without a share of the risk, as you know, few succeeded. In the everyday affairs of the company, however, there is no need for risk, therefore, experts try to make the most effective and safe decision.

More complex decision-making in management Suggest the drawing up of models. Modeling is necessary to address key issues critical to the development of the company. The expert group is working on a variety of options for resolving the situation, and on the basis of the results obtained, a definite conclusion is drawn. The way to choose the optimal solution is dictated by the situation. In certain cases, it is taken based on economic benefits, in others, based on indicators of qualitative growth, etc.

If the classical methods of decision-making in management Do not bear fruit, many modern leaders turn to brainstorming, that is, Solving complex problems by collective efforts. In this case, the decision is made after analyzing all the ideas that were put forward by the group members for a limited period of time. The best idea is taken further as a basis.

The methods considered are suitable for making managerial decisions, however, when it comes to relations within a team, methods of resolving conflicts in management are usually used, Based on psychology. A true leader should be not only an intelligent and talented person, but also a good psychologist. Depending on the situation, he must choose between evasion, antialiasing, coercion and compromise.

The above methods of decision making in management practically cover the whole theoretical part devoted to this topic, but in real life, of course, they can not be seen in pure form. Decision making is a dynamic process, though it is based on theory, but more dependent on the concrete situation and the concrete collective.