List of kidney diseases in humans

The list of kidney diseases unites a large group of pathological processes, which result in the defeat of this organ. They can be caused by various causes, including metabolic disorders and voluminous formations. After reading this article, you will learn about the main causes and methods of treatment.

How does kidney disease develop in humans?

Symptoms that accompany these pathological processes are largely similar to each other. Of course, each of them has its own characteristic features. But in general, there are several that are characteristic of all the diseases of this body. They are usually accompanied by:

• Edema;
• Reducing the amount of urine and changing its color;
• Renal colic ;
• Pain in the lumbar region;
• Increased blood pressure;
• A pathological increase in diuresis.

Plus, the patient may have complaints of chills, fever, loss of appetite, drowsiness and fatigue. In some cases, the appearance of blood in the urine.

The most common diagnostic methods

The list of kidney diseases in a person is quite wide. To establish the correct diagnosis, doctors recommend the patient to undergo a comprehensive examination consisting of laboratory diagnostics, dopplerography of vessels and ultrasound. In addition, to clarify the patient can appoint nephroscintigraphy, angiography, biopsy, computer or magnetic resonance imaging.

Kidney disease in humans: treatment

Of course, each pathology is treated in its own way. General recommendations can be reduced to the fact that in practice there are several main areas of conservative therapy, including the use of hormonal, antispasmodic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs. In addition, the course of treatment includes hemodialysis and surgical intervention.

Kidney buds

This neoplasm is a vial, inside of which there is a liquid. As a rule, it turns out to be benign, and a person can continue to lead a habitual way of life. But in any case, this ailment, replenished list of kidney diseases, should be the reason for a detailed medical examination.

Most often, the cyst is identified with MRI, ultrasound and other diagnostic methods. It can be congenital, but it sometimes appears as a result of obstruction in one part of the kidney. This kidney disease in humans (photo of the organ can be seen in the article) has one characteristic symptom. It can be recognized by the appearance of discomfort in the abdomen, back or sides. In all other cases, the cyst does not manifest itself in any way, so identifying it can be very problematic. Often the final diagnosis is made only after the patient's death.

Pyelonephritis

The list of kidney diseases is supplemented by another infectious disease. Its causative agent is most often bacteria belonging to the genus of staphylococci or enterococci. Usually pyelonephritis occurs against a background of different chronic diseases that weaken the protective forces of the human body, and affects the renal pelvis.

The patient has complaints of severe pain in the lower back, frequent urge to urinate and fever. Stools become turbid and begin to emit an unpleasant smell. In the absence of adequate therapy to pyelonephritis can enter a purulent infection, leading to the activation of necrotic processes.

Treatment of this disease requires an integrated approach. As a rule, the patient is prescribed antibiotics, diuretics, antimicrobials, vitamin and general restorative medications. In addition to this, folk remedies can be used, but before using them one should consult a doctor.

Renal insufficiency

This term means a pathological condition, accompanied by a complete or partial loss of the ability to form and release urine. The consequence of this disease, which is included in the list of kidney diseases, is a serious violation of osmotic, acid-base and water-salt homeostasis.

Physicians distinguish acute and chronic forms of renal failure. In the first case, potentially reversible disturbances of the homeostatic function arise. The initial stage of the disease is asymptomatic. Treatment of acute renal failure is mainly aimed at eliminating the causes that provoked a violation of kidney function. To stimulate diuresis, the patient is prescribed osmotic drugs.

Diet recommended in patients with kidney disease

Such patients need to choose the appropriate diet. Proper and well-balanced nutrition will help the body to overcome the disease more quickly. From the menu of people who have problems with kidneys, canned foods, legumes, smoked products, carbonated drinks, as well as meat, mushroom and fish broths should be excluded.

With such diseases it is extremely important to maintain a constant weight. Therefore, it is recommended to diversify the menu with easily digestible proteins contained in lean meat, cottage cheese, eggs and milk. In the presence of chronic diseases from the diet, salt must be removed, since sodium is present in it. In addition, in this case, you should reduce the daily intake of protein. It should not exceed twenty-five grams.