Renal pelvis: structure, increase in various diseases

Kidneys play a major role in the entire purification system of the human body. They purify the blood after it has all passed through the liver. After passing through the kidneys, the blood is completely cleared.

For a day through the kidneys passes about one and a half thousand liters of blood. Of this amount, not less than 170 liters of primary urine can be filtered out, but this amount is significantly reduced by the re-adsorption of water. As a result, a person emits about two liters of urine a day.

Kidneys are a very complex mechanism, and the main functions in it are performed by nephrons. There are about a million units in their kidneys. Thanks to them, the primary urine is obtained. Then a process of reabsorption takes place, and a concentrated urine solution remains. Before this urine enters the bladder, it collects in the renal pelvis. The renal pelvis is a sump of secondary urine, before it passes into the bladder.

Renal pelvis: what pathologies can there be?

The renal pelvis and calyx buds are a single system. They are located inside the body of the kidney, occupy a rather large part of it and are part of the collection system. The renal pelvis is lined from the inside with a relatively thin mucous membrane. The pelvis represents a muscular organ that contracts to move the urine down the urinary tract. If the renal pelvis is enlarged, then first of all doctors presume
Hydronephrosis of the renal pelvis. This increase in the calyx-pelvis system in volume. Hydronephrosis can be congenital and acquired.

Usually congenital hydronephrosis can already be detected in a pregnant woman. When the ultrasound of the fetus is done, the enlargement of the renal pelvis is seen . After birth, the child may have impaired urine outflow from the renal pelvis down the urinary tract. In this case, the pelvis widens, and the kidneys suffer from this.

Treatment of such anomalies is carried out after the birth of the child and do this with the help of surgical operations.

In adults, hydronephrosis of the renal pelvis also occurs, but the cause of this disease is kidney stones, as well as a violation of the outflow of urine from the pelvis and the calyx of the kidney. This disease is exacerbated by the violation of blood circulation in the kidney tissues themselves. They are more likely to suffer from women.
Treat this disease surgically, when the reconstruction of the renal pelvis is performed. Currently, such operations are performed using a laparoscopic method. It is less traumatic, and the result is usually positive.

There are also cancerous tumors of the renal pelvis. This is due to the fact that in the renal pelvis there are always concrements that cause hyperplasia. This presence can cause the development of squamous cell carcinoma. The enlarged renal pelvis, unfortunately, makes it possible to assume a malignant neoplasm. It can develop faster if the upper urinary tract is infected.

It should be noted that the risk of developing a tumor of the upper parts of the urinary tract and renal pelvis is increased in patients with arterial hypertension.
The main symptoms of the development of tumors of the renal pelvis are hematuria or, in other words, the appearance of blood in the urine. This is the first symptom of a tumor, but before the diagnosis of "cancer of the pelvis" can take at least a year from the moment of the beginning of hematuria.

Other symptoms of pelvic tumors are pain in the lumbar region. Sometimes there is a sharp weight loss, while the person loses appetite and starts dysuria or dysuria.

The main reasons for the development of cancer of renal pelvis can be smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity, hypertension, excessive intake of medicines, eating fried, salty and smoked foods.

The possibility of developing a tumor of renal pelvis in diabetes and working in conditions associated with harmful production is increasing. Especially often, such diseases occur in workers at asbestos plants, cement plants and other industries associated with heavy metal salts and pesticides.