Let's examine the signs of a malfunction of a gasoline pump

The petrol pump is one of the main components of the car, which affect the operation of the power unit. It is designed for pumping fuel from the tank into the engine's mixing device, creating and maintaining the required pressure. The gasoline pump is designed in such a way as to provide a continuous supply of fuel to the engine in the required quantity at different engine speeds. At the same time, it constantly maintains the working pressure in the fuel system of the car.

Features of the carburetor engine

The petrol pump of the carburetor engine is mechanical and is driven from the drive shaft eccentric of the auxiliary units.

It consists of a lower body and a cover, in which are located suction and discharge valves and diaphragms with the drive of mechanical fuel pumping.

Principle of operation

The eccentric, running on the roller, acts on the balancer, which pulls the diaphragm rod. The cavity over the diaphragm creates a vacuum. The discharge valve closes, and a portion of fuel flows through the suction. When the eccentric escapes from the roller, under the action of the spring, the balancer returns to its original position, thereby restoring the diaphragm that closes the suction valve.

Injection motor petrol pump

With the advent of the injector motor, the need for a mechanical element has disappeared. He did not give the right pressure in the system. Therefore, an electric gasoline pump was developed, located directly in the fuel tank.

Based on the name, this type of element works by electricity. It consists of a filter and a housing. In the latter there is a diaphragm with an injection and suction valves. The solenoid valve is located under the diaphragm. The fuel system of the injector car is more complicated than the carburettor car because of the presence of an additional pressure regulator in it, which, when a sufficient pressure in the fuel rail is 2.8-3.2 kilopascals, disconnects the supply of electricity to the gasoline pump.

Malfunctions

Faults in the mechanical device include malfunction of the discharge or suction valve, damage to the diaphragm, deformation of the drive roller or rod, and wear of the shim between the roller and the rocker.

In the electrical element, in addition to disrupting the operation of the valves and damaging the diaphragm, the failure of the solenoid valve and the interruption of the electrical circuit connecting the drive to the battery are also added.

Symptoms of malfunction of the petrol pump of the carburetor engine

• The loss of engine power, which is due to low pressure in the fuel system.
• The engine stalls.
• Short-term excess capacity due to disruption of the discharge valve.
• The car at a speed of 60 km / h is no longer accelerating.

Symptoms of a malfunction of a gasoline pump (injector)

• In the car the traction was gone.
• Dragging the car while the engine is running.
• The "check" is on the instrument panel.

Causes of malfunctions

All of the above signs of a malfunction of the gasoline pump arise primarily because of poor fuel quality, clogging of fine and coarse filters. At present it is rather difficult to find good quality fuel.

Using dirty fuel leads to clogging of fine and coarse filter nets and the highway itself. It is difficult for a gasoline pump to pump a mixture through clogged filters. From this, it only breaks down faster. Also, because of the poor quality of the filters, small particles enter the working cavity of the element, acting as an abrasive. Increases wear of the diaphragm, discharge and suction valves. However, the emerging signs of a malfunction of the gasoline pump are most often manifested in electric pumps of injection engines, because they are more susceptible to the influence of poor fuel and the quality of the filter elements of the fuel system. Also, due to a malfunction of the pressure regulator or the electronic control unit, the gasoline pump is constantly running and out of order. The cost of an electrical element is about 2 thousand rubles.

Malfunctions of VAZ petrol pumps

On the car VAZ-2106 is installed a mechanical fuel pumping element with a drive from the intermediate shaft of auxiliary units with the possibility of manual pumping.

Like any other mechanism, it is subject to wear, disruptions and failures.

Allocate the following signs of malfunction of the VAZ-2106 petrol pump:

• Low pressure in the fuel line;
• Leakage of gasoline due to leakage;
• The car loses power and dynamic characteristics;
• The machine stalls;
• Jerks are observed during operation, accompanied by extraneous sounds.

Faults are eliminated by searching for damaged parts (for example, aperture) and their timely replacement.

The VAZ-2110 is supplied with a carburettor and an injector motor, and, correspondingly, is equipped with a mechanical and electric pump. The mechanical components of the VAZ-2106 and VAZ-2110 cars are similar in principle to the work and the breakdowns that occur.

Symptoms of a fault in the VAZ-2110 petrol pump with an injector motor are as follows:

• When the ignition key is turned off, the petrol pump is not audible;
• The car does not start;
• Significant loss of power due to pressure in the fuel line below the norm;
• The engine troits;
• The "check" on the instrument panel is lit.

This is due to the clogging of the filter elements of the main line and the cleaner of the gasoline pump or the failure of electronic sensors. The symptoms of the failure of the VAZ-2114 petrol pump are identical, since the same electric pumps are installed on the injector models, starting with VAZ-2108.

For troubleshooting, replace the filters for fine and coarse fuel cleaning, faulty pressure regulator. In the event of a fuel leak, find a breakdown, replace the tubes or their seals. From here it is visible, that signs of malfunction of the gasoline pump 2114 do not differ from those that are available at VAZ-2110. The same symptoms also apply to all Lada-Samara models.

Service

To a gasoline pump served for a long time, it is important to know how to properly operate it. The first thing you need to pay attention to is the quality of the fuel, which the driver runs his car. Gasoline for the pump acts like a lubricant, and its poor quality will only accelerate the wear of the valves. Dirty gasoline has a detrimental effect on the operation of the pump, since its small particles clog the entrails. Therefore, the filters for coarse and fine cleaning need to be changed every 30,000 kilometers. Cleaners should only be purchased from trusted manufacturers. This is especially true for electric gasoline pumps.

They are more "capricious" to the quality of fuel and its filtration. If to speak about mechanical pumps, then it is possible to put a fine filter for injectors in front of it. Such elements better clean fuel and less often clog. Also in mechanical pumps it is important to monitor the condition of the shim, which is located between the roller and the rocker. Over time, the part wears out, and the gap between it and the drive roller becomes larger. If it becomes higher than the permissible 1,3 mm, then the roller will not fully press the balance bar. As a result, the device will not be able to create the required pressure in the pipeline. After installing a new gasoline pump, you must adjust it correctly so that the drive roller looks at the bottom of the pump for about 2-3 mm.

Conclusion

In order to avoid the above-described signs of the failure of the fuel pump, it is necessary to refuel at the tested gas stations, in time to replace the fuel line cleaning elements and the pump filter (if the pump is electric), not to produce all gasoline from the tank so that the element does not work "on dry". If the engine is injected, when the ignition is switched on, wait 3-4 seconds for the pump to pump petrol into the fuel rail and create the required pressure. These simple methods will help you to maintain the device for a long time.