Law No. 220-FZ of 13.07.2015 "On the Organization of Regular Carriage of Passengers and Luggage by Road Transport and City Ground Electric Transport in the Russian Federation"

The implementation of transportation is regulated legislatively in virtually any country in the world. Russia is no exception. In our country there is FZ-220 "On the organization of regular transport", which fixes all the basic norms relating to the sphere represented.

General Provisions

What relations are regulated by FZ-220? Article No. 1 of the presented normative act speaks about the organization, establishment, modification and cancellation of regular transportations by means of land transport. The law applies to both legal entities and individuals.

Article No. 2 FZ-220 provides a legal framework for the phenomenon under consideration. So, the most important legal sources here are the Civil Code, the Federal Law itself, as well as some other normative acts, which regulate the rules for transportations on a regular basis. All documents drawn up for the planning of regular traffic must comply with the Federal Law in question.

The federal law fixes the norm, according to which the subjects of the Russian Federation can redistribute the powers to form and organize passenger transportation and the transportation of baggage.

Basic concepts of the Federal Law

What is the route of regular interregional transport? According to article 3 of the law under consideration, this is the standard for carrying out transport within the borders of more than two regions of Russia. The route of transportation can be municipal; Here the law speaks of the boundaries of just one subject.

The law fixes the concepts of the initial and final stopping points. In the case of the starting point, it is about the very first point from which the transport is sent. The final item is the last stop indicated in the timetable and route.

FZ-220 fixes three main types of vehicles: trolley buses, trams and buses. Regular transportation is also divided into several types. They can be regulated or not regulated by tariffs.

About establishing and changing routes

According to Article 4 220-ФЗ of 13.07.2015, routes of interregional type can be established only by federal executive bodies. Legal entities or individual entrepreneurs can influence the formation of the route. For example, they have the right to submit proposals or to appeal against documents already drafted. The applicants have only three days to change the already compiled routes. It is also worth mentioning the possibility to change the routes for up to 30 days in case of an emergency.

The compiled route falls into a special register of route transport, which has a regular basis. Special requirements the law makes to stopping points. They should be located at the optimal distance, necessarily near the intersection of access roads.

Article 5 of the normative act in question describes the preparation of a statement regarding the establishment or modification of a particular route. The application must contain:

• The length of the route;
• Data on the legal entity or IP;
• The name of the route;
• Information on the streets and roads through which the route passes;
• Characteristics of vehicles passing along the established route.

Thus, 220-ФЗ of 13.07.2015 clearly illustrates the fact that compiling and modifying routes is a rather complex and extensive process.

About the authority to establish and modify routes

If it is a question of routes within the boundaries of just one urban settlement, then the responsibility for establishing, eliminating or changing the way is assigned to the local self-government body. The same applies to regulated tariffs, as well as routes that pass through more than two settlements within the same district of the municipal level.

If we are talking about cities of federal significance, of which there are currently three, then the establishment, modification and cancellation of transport routes are the duties of the executive authorities of the relevant subjects. Routes of the same interregional level are formed by the executive bodies of those subjects through which the route runs.

About the roster of routes

All information on the organization of passenger traffic must be contained in special state registers. Article No. 25 of Law 220 (FZ "On the organization of transport") states that such registries should lead the regions. At the federal level, there is a single register containing the data on the largest transportations. The registry is managed by the regional executive authorities.

What exactly should be included in the register? This is what Article 26 of the 220-FZ "On Transport" specifies:

• The name of the route;
• Route registration number;
• The sequence number of the route;
• Information on stopping points of intermediate type;
• The length of the route;
• Type of transport with a regular basis;
• The start and end date of the shipment;
• An approximate schedule for each stopping point;
• Types of vehicles operated on the specified route;
• Other requirements, fixed in FZ-220.

On the requirements for the objects of transport infrastructure

Stopping points are unchanged objects of transport type infrastructure. In what cases is it allowed to use stopping points? This is what article No. 30 of Federal Law No. 220 specifies:

• At the entrance to the bus station or bus station;
• In the settlement, if the stopping point, which is not a bus station or bus station, is within its borders.

All stopping points must be subject to mandatory registration.

Article 33 deals with parking for vehicles. According to the law, from 22 pm to 6 am they must be carried out on special parking lots, which fully comply with the requirements of the law. The locations of parking are also objects of transport infrastructure, and therefore information about them is included in the relevant register.

What is forbidden for the owner of an object of transport type infrastructure? Article 34 of the law in question shows the impossibility of denying the use of services to persons entitled to carry out transportation, prohibiting the collection of fees for the use of road construction elements, and imposing paid services in which drivers can not be interested.

On conducting state inspections

What are the powers of state regulatory and supervisory authorities in the field of transportation on a regular basis? Article 35 FZ-220 of 13.07.2015 (with comments from the same year) refers to the need for the relevant authorities to verify:

• Compliance with the terms of the IP agreement, legal entities or parties to a simple partnership, as well as contractual requirements - municipal or federal level;
• The driver has a route map and matches the specified technical characteristics of the vehicle.

The duties of drivers include the qualitative implementation of regular transportation, as well as the presentation, upon request of the relevant authorities, of all necessary documentation, including a route card.

Making report

Legal entities or IPs included in the transport infrastructure system are obliged to send quarterly reports on the implementation of regular transportations to the executive authorities. The form and timing of such reports are established by the state bodies themselves.

It is also worth noting that the transport control bodies are obliged to inform the federal authorities in a timely manner of the following incidents:

• Suspension or cancellation of a transportation license;
• The entry into force of the decision to liquidate a separate stopping point;
• Attraction of a legal entity or IP to liability.

Thus, the normative act under consideration establishes a rather complicated, but very effective and efficient system of transportation.