Immunizations from tick-borne encephalitis when to put and where?

With the advent of the first warm days, most of us are eager to get out into nature to enjoy the desired rest and fresh air. Unfortunately, the environment, even in the immediate vicinity of the city, is fraught with a lot of serious dangers for the person and his pets. Every year more and more people decide to make themselves or their pets pets from tick-borne encephalitis. When to put a similar vaccine, and what features does it have? Let's try to find answers to the most popular questions on this topic.

Definition and symptoms of the disease

To begin with, it is recommended that you determine the extent to which vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is important for you and your family. Whether it is necessary to do injections is up to each person to decide. However, to take a weighted decision, it is recommended that all possible risks be assessed beforehand. To do this, you need to have an idea of the disease itself, its symptoms, ways of transmission, as well as possible complications.

Encephalitis is an infectious disease caused by a mite of the same name. The damaging effect of the disease is directed to the work of the nervous system, central and peripheral. Infection is transmitted to humans and animals through:

• A bite of an infected tick (an insect of any kind);
• The consumption of raw milk contaminated by cattle.

At first, tick-borne encephalitis may resemble a catarrhal disease, it is difficult to diagnose it. The patient can feel weakness, severe pain in the muscles, there is a rise in body temperature and even fever. Manifestations are recorded on average within one to two weeks after the onset of the disease, with a lucky coincidence they last about 7 days, then a recovery period begins. Unfortunately, quite often a serious form of ailment can be noted, vaccinations against tick-borne encephalitis will help prevent it. When to put the injection is preferable? In advance or on the fact of infection?

When should I take care of the vaccine beforehand?

If you live in a potentially dangerous zone or engage in a particular type of activity (for example, hunting in wild places), then take care of protecting your health quite in advance and in advance. A dangerous disease is mostly prevalent in Eastern Europe, in Russia and in a number of Asian regions. Speaking specifically about our country, it should be noted that in central areas, the level of infection of mites, and therefore the risk of transferring infection to humans - is quite low, only about one percent. The lowest safety was observed in Siberia and the Far East regions (20% of the insects are infected and pose a threat), as well as in the Urals (up to 10%). Insects almost never live on trees, they can be found in tall grass and bushes, as soon as the thermometer's column passes through the zero mark in the direction of the plus (mites appear at an air temperature of five degrees Celsius).

General postulates about vaccination

There are several types of vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis. When you put a vaccine, you can determine by reading the special schedule for each particular composition. To begin with, we formulate the basic rules of vaccination. These include the following information:

• All injections, irrespective of the country of origin, are interchangeable;
• There are two vaccination schemes: classical (primary) and emergency;
• Vaccinations are carried out all year round;
• The injections can be done in two or three stages;
• Vaccination is permissible only for healthy people aged one year after a mandatory examination by a doctor;
• One injection does not form immunity;
• Revaccination is carried out at least once every three years, the exact timeframe must be clarified by the doctor.

Approximate scheme of emergency vaccination

What are emergency vaccinations for tick-borne encephalitis? When to put such nyxes? First of all, it should be noted that only foreign preparations, German and Austrian, are used to implement such a scheme, it is believed that they have a minimal amount of side effects. In both cases, the infant dose (up to 15 years) is 0.25 milliliters, and the adult dose is twice that (0.5 milliliters). The introduction of the first vaccine is possible at any time of the year, but most often it is done a couple of months before the onset of warm spring. The injection scheme includes the following steps:

• First vaccination;
• The second (after a time interval of two weeks);
• The third (after an interval of 5 to 12 months);
• Revaccination (depending on the type of vaccination - after one and a half or three years).

General schemes

What other regimens are vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis? When to put, where to make injections? The scheme, which involves two stages, looks like this:

• First vaccination in March / April;
• The second vaccination (at least a month, at most - seven).

This technique is used comparatively less often, in most cases, injections are used in three stages, three and five to twelve months from the first and second injections, respectively.

In general, we can conclude that each specific technique is determined by the doctor. Injections can be carried out both in specialized private clinics, and in public medical institutions. Vaccination is paid, the cost of the drug depends on its variety and manufacturer, domestic substances are usually more affordable.

Do I need injections for children?

Many parents, before the onset of the summer season, are concerned about whether immunization with tick-borne encephalitis is necessary for their children. When to put children such protective shots, and whether it should be done at all? Of course, this issue is extremely controversial. On the one hand, babies have weak immunity, and they are very hard to tolerate any diseases. On the other hand, if the risk of infection is minimal, is it worth it to torture a crumb with a rather heavy injection? If you have clearly decided to vaccinate against your baby's encephalitis, pay attention to the fact that experts recommend giving preference to foreign vaccines. European drugs are used in a specially adapted dose and are considered more sparing, and therefore, give much less side effects.

Possible side effects

Let's talk about the consequences of vaccinations against tick-borne encephalitis in children. The responses of many parents contain information that babies are hard at tolerating such external interference. The negative reactions caused by injections include:

• Fever and fever;
• Change in habitual behavior, apathy or extreme excitability;
• Severe headaches;
• loss of appetite;
• Allergic manifestations, itching or pain;
• Increase and swelling of lymph nodes;
• cardiopalmus;
• Cramps, severe muscle pain;
• Vomiting, upset stomach.

Do vaccinations against encephalitis occur in animals?

Do animals protect against vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis? When to put dogs such nyxes, after all the true companions of the person are often exposed to attacks of ticks during walks? Immunization from encephalitis for four-legged friends does not exist, but they can easily pick up other unpleasant diseases. Immunity in our younger brothers is produced relatively quickly, in just 14 days, so injections from ticks can and should be done in March, that is, about 3-4 weeks before the onset of the warm weather. Please note that the vaccine is designed to protect dogs and cats from diseases, and not from the most unpleasant bites.

What to do after a bite?

What to do if you have already been bitten by an insect, but you did not previously vaccinate against tick-borne encephalitis? When to put and where are the injections that will help you? First of all, do not panic, if there is a special device, remove the mite and place it in a container with air. The insect will need to be transferred for further research to identify possible infection. Your next step is to visit the emergency room, where you will be given an injection of immunoglobulin, which provides relative protection for the body for one month.

Now you know when and how vaccinations are made for tick-borne encephalitis. Benefits or harms of vaccination largely depend on the individual characteristics of the human body, as well as on the existence or absence of specific risks. Timely preventive injections protect against a dangerous disease in 95 out of 100 cases, which is a very favorable indicator. Pre-vaccination is considered much more effective than the measures taken after the occurrence of an event (insect bite). Remember, reasonable care of one's health is never superfluous!