How to make a model of the Earth? Model of the Earth's surface

According to the modern system of education, it is necessary to actively develop not only the logical thinking of the child and force him to "press" on exact sciences, but also not forget about the creative side that every student has and that should also be actively stimulated. Lessons for the children of the junior school have become more interesting, the textbooks are more colorful, with bigger pictures, so that any kid is interested in the material that the teacher is trying to give him correctly in class.

And the homework changed, that is, it became more difficult, as it requires active involvement of mom and dad in the process of preparing the child. Not everyone likes this, of course, especially when the beloved child is stunned by the news that it is necessary to make a rather complicated craft. The most common task for a home, which is faced by almost all parents of junior students - is to create a model of the Earth, to the exhibition-competition, for example. Often, moms and dads fall into a stupor, as they simply do not have the imagination to perform such a task. It is for such parents that our article will be very useful.

Science fair tomorrow - will we manage to complete the task in the evening?

Among the children of the 1st and 4th grades, very often in schools there are various competitions or they voluntarily and compulsorily invite them to participate in interesting scientific exhibitions. Some parents may be a burden to help their child, but the kid himself is very interested in taking part in such events, because they allow not only to learn to do something new, but also to get close to mom and dad, because to cope with the task of a small The man himself is simply beyond his power. If the exhibition is devoted, for example, to astronomy, we can offer you interesting versions of handicrafts that will help to depict a three-dimensional version of the planet Earth. Model Earth 2 class can already do almost independently, so do not give up a pair of small pens, who so want to take the most active part. Our variants of crafts can be implemented in the shortest possible time, and the result will pleasantly amaze you even!

Option number 1. We make the planet by papier-mache method

As schoolchildren, we all did handmade by papier-mache. Who forgot what it is, we remind that this is the creation of a variety of knickknacks from wet pieces of paper and glue, these "ingredients" are attached to the mold-base. Create a model of the planet Earth in this way will also work, most importantly - to comply with all the rules for creating such crafts and to acquire all the necessary elements for its implementation.

As a basis we will have an inflatable ball

Pieces of paper need to be fixed on a solid, stable basis, if you need to create a model of the Earth, an inflatable ball of a round shape will be an ideal option. It is better to choose a more expensive ball, which does not accidentally burst during work. Also, ask the seller to give you a round ball, because the end result of your efforts should resemble the globe-the model of the Earth, which is known to us most of all. So, we inflate our ball and put it in a fairly deep plate, the diameter of which will be smaller than the diameter of the inflated ball. Place the ball with the knotted end down, so it will less "twist" and jump until you cover it with papier-mache.

Glue can be prepared at home!

If there is enough time, we suggest you also prepare glue yourself. It will turn out to be nontoxic, so you can work with it for several hours without fear for the health of the baby, which you will save from inhaling dangerous fumes of glue from the store.

At least one glass of hand-made glue will leave for one model of the Earth's surface, since the craft must be dense enough not to accidentally break before it is presented to the public.

The easiest recipe for making glue

To cook, or rather, to weld glue, you will need water and ordinary flour. You can simply mix them to get a substance with a sufficiently thick consistency, only then the craft will dry longer, and if you boil it - dry your Earth model will be many times faster - tested in practice.

So, put a small bowl on medium heat, pour 2-2.5 glasses of plain water and immediately add 0.5 cups of wheat flour. While the "brew" does not boil, it should be constantly stirred. So you get rid of the lumps. As soon as our glue starts to boil a bit - remove it from the heat and let it cool down. In the end result, you get something like a gel or kissel yellowish white.

Which paper is better to take?

In order to make a model of the Earth, you will need ordinary newsprint. It is better not to take decommissioned notebooks or ordinary office paper, since it is newspaper paper that is most pliable, soft and is at everyone's fingertips.

It is important to be able to properly grind the paper!

Before you make a model of the Earth, you need to grind the paper. Better just tear it into small pieces or stripes. Refuse the use of scissors, as then the hand-made will not look good, because the cut edges are more noticeable than the ragged ones. Entrust this task to your child while you are cooking the glue.

The process of creation is not at all complicated

In order to start making crafts together, pour the adhesive mixture into a shallow plate and "soak" each piece of paper in it. We need to remove excess glue by hand, since if it is too much - it will be difficult to attach a layer to a layer of paper, and our homemade globe will last much longer. The Earth model must be dry before applying the colors of the oceans and continents, so leave it alone in a well-ventilated area until it dries completely.

Important! For the last layer or two, you can use torn white thick table napkins so that the printed text of the newspapers does not shine through.

The most interesting stage is embellishment

On the dried out model of the Earth's surface, carefully put pencil contours of continents, oceans, islands. Only after that we begin to paint them. It is recommended to use acrylic dye for this procedure, since gouache and ordinary children's paints can be covered with a translucent veil, rather than a dense layer.

If you need to make a system - the model "Sun, Earth, Moon" - do just three models of papier-mache of different sizes, where the largest ball will be used for the Sun, and for the Moon - the smallest. The algorithm for creating them will be the same, only the process of drawing will be different. The sun can be made yellow-orange, and the moon - white-gray.

What if you need to create a model of the planet's rotation around the Sun?

If a child is asked to create a model of the Earth's rotation around our luminary, do not worry that you will not be able to complete such a task. We make two models (the Sun and the Earth) by the papier-mache method, attaching to them ropes or strings. Painted hand-made articles are attached (tie ropes or strings) to a small flat plate, at both ends. Just explain to the child that showing the scientist his creation and how the Earth moves around the Sun, you need to hold the handle with the handle, on which the Sun is attached, moving the bar around it.

Option number 2. Plasticine model with a cut to study the inner structure of the planet

If the task for your kid is complicated a little by the fact that it is necessary to show in your model not only the surface of the Earth, but also its layers - the earth's crust, mantle and core, we recommend a model from plasticine. Since the model of the Earth is not only a globe, but a map or a section of the earth's crust, you can also present such an article for a scientific exhibition.

The craftsmanship turns out to be no less colorful and cognitive, you can cope with its implementation by 100% if you follow the correct algorithm.

We collect all necessary materials

To make the model as realistic as possible, arm yourself with the following materials:

- plastic or polystyrene ball of medium size;

- plasticine green, blue, blue, red, yellow and brown;

- yellow acrylic paint and brush.

Plasticine should be large enough if the plastic or styrofoam ball you choose is large. So buy a few identical plasticine sets, so that it does not turn out so that you will need to buy plasticine and the new one does not fit in the shades.

Getting Started

The algorithm of your actions to create a model of the Earth in a section should be similar to the following:

- Take our ball and red clay, uniformly glue the ball with plasticine. Make sure that after the procedure you have a ball, and not an irregular ellipse. To clay even lay down, warm up the pieces of plasticine in the handles.

- In order for your model to be as realistic as possible, make the oceans, that is, the water surface of the planet, mixing the blue with the blue clay to make beautiful transitions, and wrap the mass received by the ball.

- We represent continents in stages. Carefully looking at the globe, we apply the green clay of the continent. Since the continents consist of plains, hills and mountains, leave the plains green, the tops of the "green plains" are applied with yellow clay, and the mountains are made from the top by brown plasticine in the plains.

"Now it's time to cut the earth's crust." It is best to make it a triangle and so that "cut" a piece of mountain and ocean. We reach our core-ball and clear it of surplus plasticine.

We can paint a piece of the core that is visible to us with yellow acrylic paint.

You should get a colorful and understandable model of the Earth, which the scientific adviser will definitely appreciate.

Option number 3. A piece of a plastic card from plasticine

When making a model of the Earth, it is not necessary to represent an entire planet. You can display only one continent or part of it with elevations. If this option is suitable for the upcoming exhibition or competition, and the child likes this idea - let's get started!

What do you need from the materials?

In order for the model to be voluminous, arm yourself with the same materials as for making a model of a planet made of plasticine, but instead of a ball-kernel we take plywood, a wooden or plastic board and plasticine blue, blue, green, yellow and brown.

The process is very simple

In accordance with the spinning algorithm, we apply layers starting from the mantle. Next, there will be a green earth crust on which a mountain of yellow and brown plasticine will rise.

Help the child to make a beautiful hand-made article by adding humpbacks, little girls and the like. Make smooth transitions between the layers of plasticine, so that the article looks as realistic and attractive as possible.