How to charge Ni-Cd batteries: a description of the process

Thanks to improved production, Ni-Cd batteries are now used in most portable electronic devices. Acceptable cost and high performance indicators have made the presented variety of batteries popular. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы . Such devices are widely used today in instruments, cameras, players, etc. In order for the battery to last a long time, it is necessary to learn how to charge Ni- Cd-batteries . Adhering to the rules of operation of such devices, it is possible to significantly extend their service life.

Main characteristics

Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы , необходимо ознакомиться с особенностями подобных приборов. To understand how to charge Ni- Cd-batteries , you need to familiarize yourself with the features of such devices. They invented V. Jungner back in the distant 1899. However, their production was then too expensive. Technologies have improved. Today, simple-to-use and relatively inexpensive nickel-cadmium batteries are on sale.

The presented devices require that the charge occur quickly, and the discharge is slow. And the emptying of the battery capacity must be carried out completely. Charging is performed by pulsed currents. These parameters should be followed throughout the life of the device. Ni- Cd, можно продлить срок его службы на несколько лет. Knowing how to charge a Ni- Cd battery , you can extend its service life by several years. In this case, such batteries are operated even in the most difficult conditions. A special feature of the presented batteries is the "memory effect". If the battery is not discharged from time to time, large crystals will form on the plates of its elements. They reduce the capacity of the battery.

Benefits

To understand how to properly charge Ni-Cd batteries, a screwdriver, camera, camera and other portable devices, you need to familiarize yourself with the technology of this process. It is simple and does not require special knowledge and skills from the user. Even after long-term storage of the battery, you can quickly recharge it. This is one of the advantages of the presented devices, which make them in demand.

Nickel-cadmium batteries have a large number of charge and discharge cycles. Depending on the manufacturer and operating conditions, this indicator can reach more than 1 thousand cycles. The advantage of the Ni-Cd-battery is its endurance and the ability to work under stressed conditions. Even if it is used in cold weather, the equipment will work properly. Its capacity under such conditions does not change. At any degree of charging, the battery can be stored for a long time. An important advantage of it is its low cost.

disadvantages

Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы. One of the drawbacks of the presented devices is the fact that the user must necessarily learn how to properly charge the Ni- Cd batteries. Presented batteries, as already mentioned above, inherent "memory effect". Therefore, the user should periodically carry out preventive measures to eliminate it.

The energy density of the presented batteries will be somewhat lower than in other varieties of autonomous power supplies. In addition, in the manufacture of these devices, toxic materials that are unsafe for the environment and human health are used. Utilization of such substances requires additional costs. Therefore, in some countries, the use of such batteries is limited.

Cd -батареи требуют проведения цикла заряда. After a long period of storage, Ni- Cd batteries require a charge cycle. This is due to the high rate of self-discharge. This is also a drawback of their design. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы , правильно их эксплуатировать, можно обеспечить свою технику автономным источником питания на долгие годы. However, knowing how to properly charge Ni- Cd-batteries , to properly operate them, you can provide your equipment with an autonomous power source for many years.

Types of chargers

In order to properly charge a nickel-cadmium battery, special equipment must be used. Most often it comes with a battery. If the charger is not for some reason, you can purchase it separately. On sale today are presented automatic and reversive impulse varieties. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы . Using the first type of device, the user does not need to know to what voltage the Ni- Cd batteries should be charged . The process is performed in automatic mode. At the same time, you can charge or discharge up to 4 batteries.

With the help of a special switch the device is set to the discharge mode. The color indicator will turn yellow. When this procedure is performed, the device switches itself to the charging mode. The red indicator lights up. When the battery reaches the required capacity, the device stops feeding current to the battery. The indicator lights up in green. Reversible chargers belong to a group of professional equipment. They are able to perform several cycles of charging and discharging with different durations.

Special and universal chargers

Ni- Cd типа. Many users are interested in the question of how to charge a Ni- Cd screwdriver battery of the type. In this case, a conventional device designed for finger batteries is not suitable. A special charger is usually supplied with the screwdriver. It should be used when servicing the battery. If the charger is not available, you should purchase equipment for the batteries of the type shown. In this case, you can only charge the screwdriver battery. If there are batteries of different types in operation, it is worth buying universal equipment. It will allow servicing autonomous energy sources for almost all devices (cameras, screwdrivers and even batteries). For example, it can charge Ni-Cd-batteries iMAX B6. This is a simple and useful device in the household.

Discharging the pressed battery

Cd-аккумуляторы. Special design features pressed Ni- Cd batteries. и выполнять разрядку представленных устройств, зависит от их внутреннего сопротивления. How to charge and discharge the presented devices depends on their internal resistance. This indicator is affected by some design features. For continuous operation of the equipment, disc type batteries are used. They have flat electrodes of sufficient thickness. In the process of discharge, their voltage slowly drops to 1.1 V. This can be checked by plotting the curve.

If the battery continues to discharge to 1 V, its discharge capacity will be 5-10% of the original value. If the current is increased to 0.2 C, the voltage is significantly reduced. This also applies to the battery capacity. This is explained by the inability to discharge the mass on the entire surface of the electrode evenly. Therefore, today the thickness is reduced. In this case, there are 4 electrodes in the design of the disk battery. In this case, they can be discharged with a current of 0.6 ° C.

Cylindrical batteries

Today batteries with metal-ceramic electrodes are widely used. They have low resistance and provide high energy performance of the device. Ni- Cd-аккумулятора этого типа удерживается на уровне 1,2 В до потери 90% заданной емкости. The voltage of a charged Ni- Cd battery of this type is held at 1.2 V before the loss of 90% of the specified capacity. About 3% of it is lost at a subsequent discharge from 1.1 to 1 V. The type of batteries introduced is allowed to discharge by a current of 3-5 C.

Electrodes of a roll type are installed in cylindrical accumulators. They can be discharged by a current with higher values, which is at the level of 7-10 C. The capacity indicator will be maximum at a temperature of +20 ºС. As it increases, this value does not change significantly. If the temperature drops to 0 ° C or lower, the discharge capacitance decreases directly proportional to the increment of the discharge current. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы, разновидности которых представлены в продаже, необходимо рассмотреть подробно. How to charge Ni- Cd-batteries, the varieties of which are on sale, should be considered in detail.

General charging rules

When charging a nickel-cadmium battery, it is extremely important to limit the excess current flowing to the electrodes. This is necessary because of the growth inside the device with this pressure process. When charging, oxygen will be released. This affects the current utilization factor, which will decrease. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы. There are certain requirements that explain how to charge Ni- Cd-batteries. процесса учитывают производители специального оборудования. The process parameters are taken into account by manufacturers of special equipment. Chargers in the course of their work inform the battery of 160% of the nominal capacity. The temperature interval throughout the whole process should remain within the range from 0 to +40 ºС.

Standard charging mode

Ni- Cd-аккумулятор и каким током это нужно делать. Manufacturers are sure to indicate in the instructions how much to charge the Ni- Cd battery and what current it should be done. Most often the mode of this process is standard for most types of batteries. If the battery has a voltage of 1 V, it should be charged for 14-16 hours. The current must be 0.1 ° C.

In some cases, the characteristics of the process may be slightly different. This is affected by the design features of the device, as well as an increased bookmark of the active mass. This is necessary to increase the capacity of the battery.

Ni- Cd . The user may also be interested in how to charge the Ni- Cd battery . In this case, there are two options. In the first case, the current will be constant throughout the process. The second option allows you to recharge the battery for a long time without the risk of damage to it. The scheme involves the use of a stepped or smooth current reduction. In the first stage, it will significantly exceed the index of 0.1 ° C.

Accelerated charging

Cd-аккумуляторы. There are other ways that accept Ni- Cd-batteries. батарею этого тип в ускоренном режиме? How to charge this type of battery in fast mode? Here there is an entire system. Manufacturers increase the speed of this process through the release of special devices. They can be charged at higher current levels. In this case, the device has a special control system. It prevents a strong recharge of the battery. Such a system can have either the battery itself or its charger.

Cylindrical varieties of devices are charged with a constant-current current, the value of which is 0.2 C. The process will last only 6-7 hours. In some cases, it is allowed to charge the battery with a current of 0.3 C for 3-4 hours. In this case, process control is extremely necessary. If the procedure is accelerated, the overcharge indicator should not exceed 120-140% of capacity. There are even such batteries that can be fully charged in just 1 hour.

Stop charging

Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы, необходимо рассмотреть завершение процесса. When studying the question of how to charge Ni- Cd batteries, it is necessary to consider the completion of the process. After the current ceases to flow to the electrodes, the pressure inside the battery still continues to increase. This process is due to the oxidation of hydroxide ions on the electrodes. For some time, there is a gradual equation of the rate of oxygen release and absorption at both electrodes. This leads to a gradual decrease in the pressure inside the battery. If the recharge was significant, this process will be slower.

Mode setting

Ni- Cd-аккумулятор , необходимо знать правила настройки оборудования (если они предусмотрены производителем). To properly charge the Ni- Cd-battery , you need to know the rules for setting the equipment (if they are provided by the manufacturer). The nominal capacity of the battery should have a charge current of up to 2 ° C. It is necessary to select the pulse type. It can be Normal, Re-Flex or Flex. The sensitivity threshold (pressure reduction) should be 7-10 mV. It is also called Delta Peak. It is better to set it at a minimum level. The pumping current is required to be set in the range of 50-100 mAh. To be able to fully use the power of the battery, you need to perform charging with a large current. If its maximum power is required, the battery is charged with a low current in normal mode. Ni- Cd-аккумуляторы, каждый пользователь сможет выполнить этот процесс правильно. Considering how to charge Ni- Cd-batteries, each user can perform this process correctly.