High-speed trains. Speed of high-speed train

The railway has existed for more than one hundred years. And during this time the trains have passed a huge evolutionary path from massive trolleys, moved by manual traction, to super-high-speed machines operating on the principle of magnetic levitation. Today there are railway express trains in almost every country. Let's see what is the fastest train in Russia and the world. Before you the rating of express trains, which can develop speed over 300 kilometers per hour!

Belgium

On the eleventh place - the Belgian high-speed trains of the TGV series (Train à Grande Vitesse). These trains were designed in early 1987 and had to go from Amsterdam to Paris, driving through Cologne and Brussels. Expresses were put into operation in 1997.

Modern HSL 1 runs on a high-speed line that connects the capital of Belgium with the French railway. The route from Paris to Brussels (300 km) the train passes in just 82 minutes. And its average speed is close to 300 kilometers per hour. By the way, this way of transportation is not cheap. The ticket for the express train costs 88 euros (twice cheaper than air flights). However, there is an attractive system of discounts.

Taiwan

The top ten fastest trains in the world are the Taiwanese locomotive THSR 700T. Long, dynamic and exclusive. Prototypes and examples for its creation were the Japanese "Shinkansen" trains. The maximum working speed of the Taiwan express is 300 kilometers per hour. However, in 2005 the mark reached 315 kilometers. That allowed the THSR 700T to enter the top ten fastest.

The locomotive runs from Northern Taipei to southern Kaohsiung. In twelve comfortable cars for one trip can ride up to 989 passengers. The train is famous not only for its speed, but also for its safety, as well as for its accuracy.

Germany

Ninth place in the ranking is occupied by German high-speed trains InterCity Express (ICE). The speed of such a model on the Strasbourg-Paris railway reaches 320 kilometers per hour. To date, ICE express trains are the main German long-distance trains. They are also supplied to the nearest EU countries, and to Russia (for example, the Moscow-Petersburg high-speed train).

In Germany, they began to develop high-speed models back in 1985, when the country was divided into two parts. And on the rails the first train got up already in 1991, after the unification. The test model ICE-V in the test mode has developed a speed of 407 kilometers per hour. However, in operation it was not released.

In 1984, Transrapid began developing a test railway line between the cities of Laten and Derpen, operating on the Maglev system. On this branch the trains will be able to pick up speed up to 420 kilometers. But because of the disaster that occurred on the line in September 2006, which killed 23 people, the launch of Maglev was postponed indefinitely. Today, on this railway line locomotives go only as sightseeing tours and attractions.

England

In the eighth place in the ranking - high-speed trains in the UK. The best representatives are the British Rail Class 373 and Eurostar. Their speed ranges from 300 to 335 kilometers. These electric trains of the TGV series (French model) were put into operation in 1994 and run between three countries: Great Britain, France and Belgium. Their path lies through the famous railway tunnel under the English Channel. By the way, this tunnel is the second longest in the whole world.

If we return to the speed, we must say about the record set by the locomotive Eurostar in 2003 - 334.7 kilometers per hour. The whole journey from Paris to London takes such a train 136 minutes.

London trains are the most capacious in the world. They can travel up to 900 passengers. In addition, the high-speed passenger train Eurostar is considered one of the longest locomotives - it reaches 394 meters in length and has 20 cars in the composition.

South Korea

The seventh place in the ranking is occupied by the Korean electric train KTX Sancheon. Its speed is from 305 to 352 kilometers. The locomotive began its first route in 2009. The developer is a world famous company Hyundai Rotem, which as the basis for the creation of the locomotive took French technology TGV.

The electric train belongs to the national railway of South Korea. And despite the record set in 2004 (352 km / h), the speed of the express almost never exceeds the mark of 305 kilometers. All this for security reasons, of course. KTX Sancheon - roomy (up to 363 passengers), comfortable and modern model, which runs on the routes Seoul - Busan and Yonsan - Mokpo (via Gwangju).

Italy

In the sixth place - the Italian express ETR-500. Its full name is Elettro Treno Rapido 500. The train was released in Rome in 1993. The average working speed of the express is 300 km / h. But the locomotive delivered its record of 362 km in 2009, while driving through the tunnel that connects Bologna and Florence.

The time for which the ETR-500 overcomes its route (Bologna - Milan) is just under an hour. By the way, this year in Italy it is planned to release six new generation ETR-100 locomotives. These cars can pick up speed from 350 to 400 km / h.

Spain

The five of the fastest open Spanish high-speed trains, produced by the trading company Alta Velocidad Española, or abbreviated AVE. Such an abbreviation is not accidental. In Spanish, "ave" means "bird". The most famous model of the company is the luxury express AVE Talgo-350. It really flies like a bird, reaching a speed of 330 km / h.

AVE Talgo-350 is a high-speed comfortable train with a capacity of up to 318 people. He runs between Madrid, Valladolid and Barcelona. In 2004, during tests and tests, the locomotive was able to accelerate to the maximum speed of 365 km / h. By the way, it is also called a "duck". Such a nickname the train got thanks to its long front, which strongly resembles a duck beak.

China

And the fourth and third places are occupied by Chinese high-speed locomotives.

On the fourth - "pure Chinese" CRH380A. Its manufacturer is the largest national company for the production of railway cars - CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company. Locomotive speeds up to 380 kilometers per hour. And on tests he set his record - 486 kilometers. CRH380A - comfortable and roomy high-speed train Beijing - Shanghai, Shanghai - Hangzhou and Guangzhou - Wuhan. His daily flights he began to commit since September 2010.

Third place - for the Chinese Shanghai Maglev Train. It is capable of speeding from 431 to 501 kilometers per hour. The train operates on the principle of magnetic suspension "Maglev", which was never asked from the Germans. By the way, Shanghai Maglev was developed not by the Chinese, but by the same Germans. And its prototype was the German locomotive Transrapid SMT. The Chinese high-speed train was put into operation in 2004 in Shanghai. The maximum speed with which it daily runs on its route Shanghai - the airport, does not exceed 431 km / h. However, he can do more. On tests the locomotive was dispersed to 501 kilometers per hour!

France

The second in the world in terms of speed are the trains of the French TGV series. They travel on routes from France to Switzerland and Germany. The average speed of the models is 320 km / h. The record was set in 2007 and amounted to 574.8 km / h.

French high-speed trains of the Train a Grande Vitesse system are some of the most famous and fastest in the world. They have several times beat world speed records. The development of such models began in France in the 1960s. This was a kind of response to the creation by the Japanese of their "Shinkansen". Today, France boasts huge high-speed lines (over 1,700 kilometers), as well as 4000 locomotives of seven types.

Country of the Rising Sun

So, we came to the fastest train in the world. And this is the Japanese series "Shinkansen" (Shinkansen). The speed of the high-speed train is 581 km / h. It beats all world records to date. Japan became the first country to allocate separate lines from its railway system for high-speed routes. The first such structure made its pilot flight in 1964. It was timed to coincide with the Tokyo Olympics. Itinerary: Tokyo - Osaka.

The first locomotive "Shinkansen" was made in the form of a bullet, hence the corresponding name. Even today, Japanese trains are called "bullets" in an old fashion. It also symbolizes their high-speed feature. Expressions and truth fly at the speed of bullets. The usual speed for "Shinkansen" is 443 km / h. And the absolute world record, which was established in 2003, reaches a mark of 581 kilometers.

The modern "Shinkansen" is a comfortable high-speed express with sixteen strong and stable cars. The Japanese locomotive is not only the fastest in the world, but also the safest. For forty-five years of operation of the train of this brand have never got into major accidents! No casualties, no damage - complete safety.

By the way, the Tokyo railway network is the busiest in the world. During its existence, the train "Shinkansen" transported more than six billion passengers! No other line can boast of such figures.

The fastest, safest, and the most accurate in the world. So, the distance from Osaka to Tokyo locomotive flies in 145 minutes. And in 2003, after making 160 such flights, "Shinkansen" deviated from the schedule only for six seconds ...

Russia

Our country, of course, can not boast such impressive figures, and 300 km / h Russian locomotives do not gain. However, we can also boast of high-speed routes.

Until 2009, the Moscow-St. Petersburg route was followed by the ER200 train. Its speed, as can already be understood from the name, was 200 km / h. And during the tests the locomotive was able to accelerate up to 210 kilometers. In 2009, this miracle of technology was written off, and in its place came the high-speed train "Sapsan". This name was given to the locomotive in honor of the Peregrine Falcon, which is considered the fastest bird in the world. The train is designed and assembled in Germany. At the peak, it can reach speeds of up to 300 km / h. The manufacturer (Siemens) has established a maximum design speed of 350 kilometers per hour. During the test tests on our railways the locomotive was dispersed to 290 km / h. The train "Sapsan" is moving along the route Moscow - Peter. This distance it passes for four hours, the average speed is 166 km / h. More it is not dispersed for security reasons. By the way, and the express, which follows from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod, generally moves at a speed of 160 kilometers per hour ...

In Russia, after the "Sapsan" the fast train "Swallow" is on the second place. It was also developed by the German company Siemens. Was specially sent to Russia by the beginning of the Winter Olympics in Sochi. It consists of five cars and a length of 130 meters. Can also be operated in a dual mode (with the addition of five more cars). Speed "Swallows" is lower - up to 160 km / h. It is designed for suburban routes and equipped with high platforms. Today such trains run from Moscow, St. Petersburg and Krasnodar. And also as electric trains in Sochi and Tuapse.

In Russia, unlike other countries, there are no separate high-speed lines. And the high-speed train "Swallow", and no less fast "Sapsan" walk along the already existing, albeit modernized, paths. In addition, to enter these expresses, had to remove a few slower routes. This, in turn, caused a lot of discontent among the local population. And the cost of tickets for such trains is quite high, even by the standards of Europe and Asia. For a trip to the locomotive from Moscow to St. Petersburg you will pay as much as would be given if you flew there by plane.