Helminthiosis is what? Prevention of helminthiases. Helminthiases in children

Helminthiasis is a whole group of diseases that arise as a result of the vital activity of parasitic multicellular organisms inside humans. They refer to the lower worms. At present, more than 250 species of these parasites are known. It should be noted that helminths are the main cause of many diseases. As statistics show, in Europe every third inhabitant is infected with these parasites. Therefore, helminthiasis is the most common disease in the world.

Symptoms of ailment

If we talk about the clinical picture, at the moment we distinguish several forms of the disease: acute and chronic. The first symptoms do not appear immediately. Usually it takes from 2 to 4 weeks. In this case, there are signs that are specific for the acute form. Main symptoms and consequences:

• A liquid stool.
• Inflammatory processes in the upper respiratory tract.
• Conjunctivitis.
• Swelling of the face.
• All kinds of rashes on the skin.
• Meningoencephalitis.
• Hepatitis.
• Myocarditis.
• Pneumonia, infiltrates in the lungs, spasms of the bronchi.
• Children - lymphadenitis and tonsillitis.

It should be noted that similar signs develop with different types of helminthiosis. Most often there are only a few signs. There is a similar manifestation of the disease all seven days. In some cases, symptoms may be present for about a month. As for the chronic form, human helminthiases manifest themselves in this case, depending on the type of pathogen.

The main signs of the disease

Helminthiasis is an ailment that can manifest itself in completely different ways. However, there are common signs that appear from the peripheral blood. In acute form of the disease often there is a pronounced eosinophilia. It is this feature that allows you to quickly determine the presence of parasites in the human body. The eosinophil count can be from 80 to 90%. This increases the white blood cell count. If the disease is of a severe nature, then the concentration of eosinophils can be significantly reduced. This is an unfavorable sign.

Other signs of ailment

Disease helminthiosis can be determined and other signs:

1. Decreased body weight, even with good appetite.
2. Bloating and unstable stools.
3. Drowsiness, weakness, lethargy.
4. Allergic rashes.
5. Strong feeling of hunger.
6. Peeling skin on the fingers and toes.
7. Nausea. This sensation often occurs during brushing.
8. Salivation in the morning, as well as in a dream.
9. Itching in the anus.
10. In a dream his teeth creaked.

Diagnosis of helminthiases

Since at the moment there are several types of this ailment, then for a correct diagnosis it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination. Here are just some of the methods for diagnosing helminthiasis:

1. Stool analysis. This survey is carried out in the first place. It allows you to identify the most common types of ailment.
2. Microscopic examination.
3. Examination of the contents of the duodenum and bile.
4. Macroscopic examination. This method makes it possible to detect the presence of pinworms and ascarids in the patient's body.
5. Coproonoscopy.
6. Biopsy of muscle tissue. This examination is carried out if there is a suspicion of trichinosis.
7. Blood test on microfilariae.
8. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy, radiography, ultrasound.
9. Determination of specific antibodies of parasites in the blood.

Analysis for helminthiasis is a multistage and rather complicated procedure, appointed by a doctor depending on his suspicion of having a certain type of parasite in the patient's body.

How to treat ailment

Especial danger is represented by helminthiases in children. After all, such diseases do not pass without a trace. Therefore, it is very important not only to detect the disease in time, but also to begin treatment. In the treatment of helminthiases, one should adhere to certain rules:

1. Compliance with all hygiene rules.
2. The strictest diet.
3. Disinfection is exactly the rooms where the patient is.
4. Multiple and constant monitoring of the effectiveness of therapy.

How to treat the disease correctly, knows only the doctor. Do not try to get rid of helminthiasis on your own, as this can lead to undesirable results, as well as cause complications.

What tablets can prescribe?

Long-term experience of doctors has shown that monotherapy, in another way, the use of one drug for the treatment of ailment, is not so effective. Therefore, recently several drugs for parasites have been prescribed for the treatment of helminthiases. Such complex therapy has many advantages. Initially, the doctor may prescribe levamisole in single-dose pills. Most often, a drug such as "Decaris" is prescribed. In this case, the dosage is determined by age. It should be noted that this drug weakens the parasites. The helminths in this state are effectively acted upon by the substances albendazole and mebendazole. Therefore, at the second stage of therapy, a specialist can appoint funds "Nemazol" and "Vermox". These drugs are usually prescribed on the third day after taking the tablets "Decaris".

It is worth noting that the above mentioned products are completely non-toxic. However, complex treatment is several times more effective than monotherapy. With enterobiosis, a doctor can prescribe an anthelmintic agent such as "Pirantel". This drug is slightly inferior to mebendazole in effectiveness. But it's completely safe.

Folk methods of treatment of helminthiases

For a person, the danger is not only parasites transmitted from other people, but also helminthoses of animals. After all, their pathogens can infect and the owner of the pet. Therefore, for effective therapy, the disease should also be treated in domestic animals. Only in this case will a positive result be achieved. In general, treatment can be carried out not only with medicines, but also in combination with folk remedies.

An excellent preparation is infusion of tansy. To make it, you need to brew a glass of boiling water a tablespoon of flowers of this plant. The container with the infusion should be tightly closed and let stand for four hours. After this, the finished product should be filtered. This can be done using a sieve or gauze. The resulting infusion can be taken on a tablespoon four times a day. Use tincture of tansy is better than 20 minutes before eating.

A remedy based on bitter wormwood is not bad. To make the tincture, you need to pour a tablespoon of this herb into 100 milliliters of alcohol. It is better to put the container with the agent in a dark place for several weeks. This tincture must be regularly shaken. Ready drug should be taken three times a day for 20 drops, preferably about 30 minutes before meals.

What is dangerous helminthiasis

Recently, this disease is diagnosed and, of course, is treated quickly enough. All the serious consequences that could have arisen as a result of the ailment are far in the past. But it should be remembered that helminthiases in children can lead to a delay in psychological and physical development. With the defeat of certain organs, chronic diseases and inflammatory processes develop, which always remain even after getting rid of parasites. That is why prevention of helminthiases is so important.

What complications can there be?

Complications of this ailment are also multifaceted, as are its signs. In many respects it depends on the degree of infestation and the type of parasites. The most frequent complications of helminthiases include acute appendicitis and intestinal obstruction. But that's not all. In some cases, the walls of the intestine are perforated, and later peritonitis begins to develop. If the liver is affected, an abscess of this organ and jaundice may occur. As for the lungs, the most terrible complication is aspiration of parasites, which eventually leads to death.

Prevention of helminthiases

Only by observing all preventive measures, you can avoid infection with helminths. First of all, you should always follow the rules of personal hygiene. Timely detection of the disease also helps prevent the infection of other family members. It is for this purpose that mass examinations of not only children but also adults are carried out. This measure significantly reduces the spread of the disease among the population.

Finally

The main thing to remember is that helminthiasis is quite a serious disease that has a polymorphic clinical picture. The ailment can lead to very serious consequences, and in some cases, to death. Prevention and treatment of this disease should be carried out only under the supervision of specialists in compliance with a certain scheme. Attempts to self-medication can lead to deterioration of the patient's condition, as well as to the development of chronic processes.