Glands of external secretion of man

In the human body, there are several regulatory systems that ensure the normal functioning of the body. These systems, in particular, include the glands of internal and external secretion.

Breaking the balance in the body is easy enough. Experts recommend avoiding factors that cause imbalance.

Glands of external secretion (exocrine) carry out the isolation of various substances into the internal environment of the body and to the surface of the body. They form an individual and species smell. In addition, the glands of external secretion provide protection against the entry into the body of harmful microorganisms. Their secret (secret) has a mycostatic and bactericidal effect.

Glands of external secretion (salivary, tearful, sweaty, dairy, sex) participate in the regulation of intraspecific and interspecific relationships. This is mainly due to the fact that their detachable has a function to metabolically or informally influence surrounding external organisms.

In the mouth are small and large salivary glands of external secretion. Their ducts open into the mouth. Small glands located in submucosa or thicker than mucus. In accordance with the arrangement, lingual, palatine, molar, and labial are isolated. Depending on the nature of their detachable, they are divided into mucous, serous and mixed. Not far from them is the thyroid gland of internal secretion. It accumulates and secrete iodine-containing hormones.

Large salivary glands are called paired organs, which are located outside the oral cavity. They include sublingual, submandibular and parotid.

A mixture of salivary glands is called saliva. Secretory processes occur during the period of hormonal changes in the body (twelve to fourteen years) most intensively.

Mammary glands are (by origin) mutated sweat glands of the skin and are laid in the sixth to seventh week. First they look like two seals of the epidermis. Subsequently, "dairy points" begin to form from them.

Before the maturity period, the mammary glands of girls are at rest. Spread of branching occurs in both sexes. With the onset of maturity, sharp changes in the rate of development of the mammary glands begin. In boys, the speed of their development slows down, and then completely ceases. In girls, development is accelerating. To the beginning of the first menstruation, end sections are formed. However, it should be noted that the mammary gland in women continues to develop until pregnancy. Its final formation occurs during lactation.

The most massive digestive gland of a person is the liver. The weight of it (in an adult) is from one to one and a half kilograms. In addition, the liver is involved in carbohydrate, vitamin, protein and fat metabolism, it performs protective, bile-forming and other functions. With intrauterine development, this organ is also hemopoietic.

Sweat glands in the skin produce sweat. They participate in the process of thermoregulation, form an individual smell. These glands are simple tubes with folded end parts. In each sweat gland there is an end part (body), a sweat duct. The latter opens out at times.

The sweat glands have differences in functional significance and morphological features, as well as in development. They are located in the subcutaneous tissue (connective). On average, a person has about two - three and a half million sweat glands. Their morphological development is completed by about seven years.

Sebaceous glands reach the peak of their development during puberty. Almost all of them are associated with hair. On the areas where the hair is absent, the sebaceous glands lie on their own. Their separated - fat - serves as a lubricant for the hair and skin. On average, about twenty grams of fat is released per day.