Executive authorities - general characteristics

The essence of the country's functioning, in the final analysis, boils down to what executive authorities are there in it. Therefore, it is important to clearly imagine what they are, what structure and what powers they have.

The concept and structure of executive bodies

Turning to the definition provided by constitutional scholars, it can be said that the bodies under consideration should be understood to mean those who, by virtue of their responsibilities, administer public affairs and ensure the effective implementation of legislation in the existing life of the people.

The bodies of executive power are formed depending on what goals were set before them. Therefore, it is important to understand the main directions of their activities, which are presented:

1. Creation and maintenance of such conditions for the activities of the company and any of its members, under which all provisions of the law, in particular the constitutional acts of the country, would be observed;
2. Ensuring the maximum level of security for the society living in the country, both with internal and external threats. At the same time, the nature of the threat (from another state or from natural and / or technogenic factors) does not matter;
3. The formation of such a level of development of the country, in which each component of its unit will be guaranteed the existence of favorable conditions for development.

To achieve these goals, legal experts and political scientists have developed a certain structure of executive bodies:

1. The highest level is represented by the government and the president. If the government always belongs to this category, then the inclusion of the president in it is characteristic only of the presidential and semi-presidential republics;
2. Second level - ministries, state committees and departments;
3. The third - federal governments (only valid for federations);
4. The fourth level is local self-government, which includes city halls, administrations, departments.

Thus, public authorities are special state formations that operate both at the level of the whole country and in a particular section of the state and are obliged to implement normative acts adopted by the legislative power in the existing social life .

Executive power in Russia

Speaking about the subjective composition of the executive branch in Russia, it should be remembered that it is a federation. And, accordingly, all executive authorities are divided into two categories - national and federal.

To the first kind, according to the current Constitution, first of all, the government should be included. The terms of his powers are quite wide. And this position is connected with the fact that the competence of this body includes general management of all federal districts. In addition, it should be remembered that it is also obliged to implement all existing legislation, develop draft laws on various areas of public life, as well as implement the country's foreign policy.

The executive branch in Russia at the national level is also represented by federal ministries. Their competence includes the regulation of a certain area of public relations at the national level.

The third representative of the national level of executive power is the State Committee, which coordinates activities between two or more ministries. Along with them, there are federal commissions.

The fourth body is federal services with a strictly delineated sphere of activity, usually limited to special acts.

At the level of the subjects of the federation , the following executive bodies allocate:

1. Bodies of the republics - they are formed depending on the type of the form of government;
2. Bodies of territorial entities - as a rule, are represented by the administration of territorial divisions.

Thus, the structure of the executive power in Russia is complex and multistep, which is explained by the specifics of the administrative-territorial form.