Ecological problems of the planet. Global environmental problems of the planet: examples

Every modern inhabitant of the Earth knows perfectly well that the ecological problems of the planet are a real scourge of the 21st century. Also, many people think about the issue of preserving and restoring the environment. For otherwise future generations will get only a lifeless surface.

No man is an island!

It is likely that, at least once in life, each of us asked ourselves the question: "What environmental problems of the planet are there at the moment and what can I do to resolve them?" It would seem, really, what can only one person do? Nevertheless, each of us is capable of much. Firstly, start independently to "look after" the environment. For example, to throw garbage in strictly allotted containers, and it will not be superfluous to pay attention to the separation of waste into specific materials (glass in one tank, and plastic in another). In addition, you can regulate and gradually reduce the consumption of both electricity and other resources (water, gas) needed for your comfortable living. In the event that you are a driver and are faced with the choice of a suitable vehicle, you should pay attention to cars that have a low content of harmful compounds in the exhaust. It will also be correct - for both you and the whole planet - a small amount of the engine installed in the chosen model of the car. And, as a consequence, reduced fuel consumption. We can solve such environmental problems of the planet by such simple and accessible to each person's activities.

We will help the whole world

Nevertheless, in spite of everything described earlier, you will not be alone in this fight. As a rule, the policy of many modern states is aimed at the known environmental problems of the planet and, of course, how to solve them. In addition, an active agitation program is underway, aimed at limiting deforestation and extermination of rare flora and fauna. Nevertheless, such a policy of the world powers is purposeful enough and allows creating conditions for the normal life of the population that does not violate natural ecosystems.

Ecological problems of the planet: list

Modern scientists sing out some dozens of basic questions that require special attention. Such global environmental problems of the planet arise as a result of significant changes in the natural environment. And those, in turn, are the result of destructive natural disasters, as well as the ever increasing anthropogenic impact. The ecological problems of the planet are easy to enumerate. One of the first places is pollution of the atmosphere. To each of us from a small age we know that, thanks to the content of a certain percentage of oxygen in the airspace of the planet, we are able to normally exist. However, daily we not only consume oxygen, but also breathe out carbon dioxide. But there are still factories and factories, cars and motorcycles all around the world , planes fly and knock on the rails of the train. All of the above objects in the process of their work allocate substances of a certain composition, which only aggravates the situation and increases the environmental problems of planet Earth. Unfortunately, even though modern production facilities are equipped with the latest developments in cleaning systems, the state of air space is gradually deteriorating.

Deforestation of forests

Since the school course of biology, we know that representatives of the plant world contribute to maintaining the balance of substances in the atmosphere. Thanks to natural processes, such as photosynthesis, the green plantations of the Earth not only purify the air of harmful impurities, but also gradually enrich it with oxygen. Thus, it is easy to conclude that the extermination of flora, in particular forests, only aggravates the global environmental problems of the planet. Unfortunately, the economic activity of mankind leads to the fact that felling is carried out on a particularly large scale, but the replenishment of green plantations is often not made.

Reduction of fertile land

Such ecological problems of the planet arise as a result of the previously mentioned deforestation. In addition, misuse of various agricultural techniques and inadequate farming also leads to depletion of the fertile layer. And pesticides and other chemical fertilizers for many years poison not only the soil, but all living organisms that are associated with it. But, as you know, layers of fertile land are restored much more slowly than woodlands. It will take more than one century to fully replace the lost land cover.

Reducing freshwater supplies

If you are asked: "What are the environmental problems of the planet known?", You have the right to immediately recall the life-giving moisture. After all, in some regions there is already an acute shortage of this resource. And over time, this state of affairs will only worsen. Consequently, the above topic can be considered one of the most important in the list of "Environmental problems of the planet." Examples of improper water use can be found everywhere. Starting from the pollution of lakes and rivers by all kinds of industrial enterprises and ending with irrational consumption of resources at the household level. In connection with this, many natural reservoirs are now closed for bathing zones. However, this does not end the environmental problems of the planet. The list can also be continued with the following item.

Extermination of flora and fauna

Scientists estimated that in the modern world every hour, one representative of the animal or plant world of the planet perishes. It is important to remember that in such actions are involved not only poachers, but also ordinary people who consider themselves respectable citizens of their country. Every day, humanity is conquering more and more territories both for the construction of its own housing, and for agricultural and industrial needs. And animals have to move to new land or die, remaining to live in an ecosystem destroyed by anthropogenic factors. Among other things, it must be remembered that all of the above factors also adversely affect the state of flora and fauna, both present and future. For example, pollution of reservoirs, extermination of forests and others entails the disappearance of the diversity of flora and fauna that our ancestors are used to. Even over the last hundred years, the species set has significantly decreased under the direct or indirect impact of the anthropogenic factor.

Protective shell of the Earth

If the question arises: "What environmental problems of the planet are known at the present time?", Then holes in the ozone layer are easily recalled. Modern management of human economic activity implies the allocation of special substances that cause thinning of the Earth's protective shell. Consequently, the formation of new so-called "holes", as well as an increase in the area already available. Many know this problem, but not everyone understands what all this can turn out. And the destruction of the ozone layer leads to the fact that the surface of the Earth reaches dangerous solar radiation, which adversely affects all living organisms.

Desertification

Global environmental problems, presented earlier, are the cause of the development of the worst catastrophe. It is about desertification of lands. As a result of improper agriculture, as well as pollution of water resources and deforestation of forests, gradual weathering of the fertile layer, drainage of soils and other negative consequences, under the influence of which the earth covers become unsuitable not only for further use for economic purposes, but also for living of people.

Reduction of mineral resources

A similar theme is also present in the list of "Environmental problems of the planet". List the resources currently used is quite simple. This oil, coal of all kinds of varieties, peat, gas and other organic constituents of the hard shell of the Earth. According to the scientists' forecasts, in the next hundred years the reserves of minerals will come to an end. In this regard, mankind has begun to actively implement technologies that operate on renewable resources, such as wind, solar, tidal and other energy. Nevertheless, the use of alternative sources is still quite small in comparison with the more familiar and traditional ones. In connection with this state of affairs, the modern governments of the countries carry out various stimulating programs that promote deeper introduction of alternative sources of energy both in industry and in the everyday life of ordinary citizens.

Overpopulation

Over the last century, a significant increase in the number of people has been observed on the globe. In particular, in just 40 years the population of the planet has doubled - from three to six billion people. According to the scientists' forecasts, by the year 2040 this number will reach nine billion, which, in turn, will lead to a particularly acute shortage of food, a shortage of water and energy resources. The number of people living in poverty will increase significantly. There will be an increase in deadly diseases.

Municipal solid waste

In the modern world, a person produces several kilograms of garbage daily - cans and cans made of cans and drinks, polyethylene, glass, and other wastes. Unfortunately, at present, their secondary use is carried out only in countries with a highly developed standard of living. In all other such household waste is exported to landfills, the territory of which often occupies huge areas. In countries with a low standard of living, piles of rubbish can lie right on the streets. This contributes not only to contamination of soil and water, but also increases the growth of pathogenic bacteria, which in turn leads to a wide spread of acute and sometimes fatal diseases. It should be noted that even the atmosphere of the Earth is filled with tons of debris left after the launch of research probes, satellites and spacecraft into the expanses of the Universe. And since it is quite difficult to get rid of all these traces of human activity naturally, it is necessary to develop effective methods for processing solid waste. Many modern states are implementing national programs that promote the distribution of easily processed materials.