Determination of the strategy of social and economic development of the state

In market conditions, the state ensures the organization of the economic order. It acts as the agent responsible for establishing the rules, and the guarantor of their observance. The transition to a modern market system is associated with the decision of the problem of choosing between the attainability of the goal and the speed with which the corresponding tasks are accomplished. The key directions of the process are determined by the strategy of social and economic development of the Russian Federation. Let us consider its main provisions.

General information

The strategy of Russia's social and economic development is a system of activities that are oriented toward achieving long-term goals. At the same time, the contribution of all the subjects of the country to the solution of problems is taken into account. At the core of the strategy of social and economic development are laid high, worthy states, but at the same time achievable goals. This program is aimed at making the Russian Federation a dynamic power with a corresponding intensity of work and business initiative, consistent and reasonable government activities.

Public consolidation

Implementation of the strategy for social and economic development depends on various factors. One of the key is the consolidation of society. To activate this process, you need a number of conditions:

1. The choice of a goal that has a unifying potential. It should ensure the connection of efforts of all subjects of society. The creation of market mechanisms should be based on institutions of the legitimacy of ownership.
2. Formation of a new social system. It should ensure the regulation of the behavior of subjects in the framework of achieving state goals.

Level of well-being

When developing a strategy for the country's social and economic development, it is necessary to take into account the quality of life of the population. The success of the programs will largely be determined by the dynamics of the creation of the middle class in the state. Its formation presupposes the construction of a new consumer model within the framework of the standard of well-being. It, in turn, should include a high degree of provision with durable goods, high-quality housing, education and health services. Today, according to statistics, according to the Western standard of living, only 5-7% of Russians live. The share of the population whose average per capita income does not cover the subsistence minimum is about 40%.

Investment breakthrough

It acts as a decisive condition for ensuring the economic growth of the country. The investment breakthrough suggests:

1. Forced increase in investment.
2. Innovative funding.
3. Investment support of major national economic sectors.

In turn, to make investment of a decisive nature, they must be financially secured by domestic production. A special role in this belongs to the machine-building complex. In this regard, the strategy for social and economic development contains a section on the modernization of this sector based on equipment produced both domestically and abroad.

Alleged threats to the dynamics

When drawing up a strategy for social and economic development, several factors that have a negative impact on the process of the process and which form obstacles to achieving the goals should be taken into account. They include:

1. Insufficient domestic demand.
2. External debts.
3. Incompleteness of the investment complex to large-scale capital investments.
4. Disproportionately high rate of increase in the cost of fuel, electricity, transportation tariffs.

Participation of subjects

The developed program can vary depending on the socio-economic and political orientation of the state's activities at one or another stage. The general state scheme is always heterogeneous with respect to the administrative-territorial units that form it. This situation is primarily due to different levels of resource security. Of no less importance are the specifics of the economic structure, the level of development in this or that economic sphere of the region is reached. Over the past few years there has been an active increase in the independence of administrative-territorial units. At the same time, the responsibility of the subjects for regional socio-economic development is growing every year.

Analysis of the situation

The strategy of social and economic development of the region assumes a comprehensive assessment of the state of affairs. It is compiled both according to objective and subjective indicators. The first include, in particular, macroeconomic conditions, the position of the region in the general division of labor, sectoral structure, geographical location, the availability of natural resources, etc. The subjective factors are, first of all, management methods. The reforms carried out in recent years have shown that regions applying progressive approaches to administration are much less exposed to crisis trends. In a difficult situation, in the process of overcoming the crisis, those who used adequate tools and management methods have a relative advantage.

Strategy of social and economic development of the region: specificity

The development of the program for the long term refers to the functions of the central authority of the subject. The solution of this task becomes the most urgent in the conditions of constant structural changes and during the crisis. Exit from such a state can be quite painful if the processes take place without any coordination from the administration. With the active participation of local authorities, the exit from a difficult situation can be accompanied by insignificant costs. For this administration, it is necessary to use the existing advantages and form new ones. The strategy of social and economic development of the krai or any other subject of the country can envisage the use of a variety of actions. With their help, the local government stimulates the national economic sector, creates jobs, raises the tax base. The administration has a wide range of mechanisms and tools. They allow to expand opportunities for specific types of activities in which the community is most interested. In the strategy of social and economic development of the republic or any other administrative-territorial unit of the country, it is necessary to take into account specific factors affecting the state of the economy within specific boundaries.

The concept of the stages of growth

The strategy of social and economic development of the region in particular and the state as a whole is developed, as was said above, for the long-term perspective. When it is compiled, an analysis of the qualitative indicators specific to a specific territory is carried out. When evaluating them, it is advisable to use the concept that growth takes place in three stages:

1. Pre-industrial.
2. Industrial.
3. Postindustrial.

As the dominant in the first stage are the extractive industries:

1. Forest.
2. Fish.
3. Agricultural.

At the industrial stage, the processing sectors are considered dominant. These include food and light, woodworking and forestry industries, chemical production, and mechanical engineering. Into the postindustrial stage, intangible branches come to the fore:

• Trade.
• The science.
• Education.
• Insurance.
• Financial sector.
• Health care, etc.

A distinctive feature of the postindustrial society is a sharp decline in commodity production. At the same time, the share of the service sector increases, the science intensity of enterprises increases, the level of qualification of employees increases, and the internationalization of the economy outstrips it.

Main trends

The strategy of social and economic development of the district should assume not so much quantitative as qualitative changes in the economic structure. Currently, there is an intensive reorientation of the activities of commercial enterprises. Trends in the development of society suggest that the predominant sphere of employment today is the area of intangible production. It is the main industry of investment and serves as a factor of prosperity for citizens. In other words, the sphere of non-material production is the paradigm of economic development in modern conditions. In the Russian Federation, there are two oppositely directed processes: an increase in the share of the service sector and de-industrialization. The latest trend concerns a reduction in the share of all processing industries with a simultaneous increase in extractive industries. This process can be considered to some extent forced. In terms of the subsequent development of the Russian economy deindustrialization has a negative character. This trend causes the "shift" of the national economic complex to the first stage. This, in turn, indicates a regression of the economy. At the same time, there is an increase in the share of services in the society, the share of financial and trade enterprises is growing. This trend is typical of the post-industrial stage. In the near future, substantial redistribution of labor resources is assumed in the subjects. These trends should take into account the strategy of socio-economic development of the municipal formation, in which the changes that occur are most pronounced. To such administrative units, in particular, include the major industrial centers of the country, in which the standard of living of the population depends on the production sector.

The raw material factor

At present, the key condition is not the availability, but the efficiency of the use of resources. At the initial stages of economic transformations in the regions, a special position was created in the raw materials industries. The main share of gross revenues was provided by exports of non-ferrous and ferrous metals, gas, oil, timber. This contributed to the preservation of the industrial potential of the entire state and its individual subjects. In the 90-ies. The expansion of exports was mainly due to the undervalued exchange rate of the national currency. Along with this, there was an increase in imports of complex goods. This trend has had a negative impact on the standard of living, further reducing it. Some of the advantages of the commodity sector were due to low costs, especially small labor costs. In the course of strengthening the ruble, increasing salaries in the export production, they gradually began to come to naught. In this regard, the orientation towards exporting raw materials has no prospects today.

Management Tools

What should be the strategy of social and economic development? Cities of federal importance, as a rule, are among the first to start developing and implementing effective management programs. As practice shows, the most effective tools are planning and marketing. They are proven tools of modern management. In the transition to a market system in some cases, strategic planning is not only expedient, but it is also necessary to use it in all types of activities. This applies equally to the agricultural, and to the production, and to the construction and transport sectors.

Structure of the program

Strategic planning includes:

1. Definition of goals.
2. Analysis of external factors.
3. Identify the weak and strong sides of the terrain.
4. Use existing and form new territorial advantages.
5. Drawing up a concept.
6. Develop a plan that includes specific activities and actions.
7. Analysis of performance, adjustment of tasks and methods for their solution.

Strategic planning is a continuous process. It sets benchmarks for the adoption of various, including operational, tactical solutions. In the presence of a long-term plan, the implementation of tasks is carried out on a well-founded and justified basis.