Connecting the electric stove with your own hands

Electric plates are increasingly included in the everyday life of urban residents. This is due to the expanded capabilities of such equipment and the ban on the supply and installation of a gas system in multi-storey buildings. Let's consider how to properly connect the electric cooker.

Types of electric stoves

There are several classifications.

According to the material of execution:

• Enameled. The heating element in such models can be of two types: pancake (cast iron), spiral. There are combined options with connection to gas and electricity.
• Glass-ceramic. The heating element in such plates is a spiral, corrugated tape, halogen lamps.
• Induction. They can be attributed to the subspecies of glass-ceramic plates, but instead of a heating element, an electromagnetic coil is built in.

By design:

• Stand alone. This technique can be equipped with an oven.
• Desktop. Popularity is due to compactness, mobility. Often the connection of the electric cooker of this kind is used in the country. There are models with built-in oven.
• Built-in. This technique has gained immense popularity due to its ergonomics. The existing range allows you to fit such equipment into any interior. Typically, this technique is divided into a cooking surface and an oven.

By the number of burners: from one to six.

By intensity of use:

• Household;
• Professional.

By power consumption:

• Low-power (with the ability to connect to a 220 V network);
• Powerful (connection of an electric plate by own hands to 380 In).

By type of management:

• Mechanical;
• Sensory.

As you can see, along with the classic models in our time you can buy and "smart" equipment.

Consider how each type of household equipment of such a plan works.

Design features. Principle of operation

Each electric stove has its own design features.

Enamelled

The heating element is a spiral made of metal with a high specific resistance. The principle of operation is based on the release of thermal energy as the current passes through the resistive heating element. This is typical for solid (cast-iron) models, and for spiral ones. There is only one difference: in the first variant the heating element is inside the ring.

Glass-ceramic

The principle of operation is the same as in enamel plates, with the only difference that the heating element can be not only a classical spiral, but also a corrugated ribbon, halogen lamps.

Induction

But this technique is different from the principle of work. The heating element is an electromagnetic coil, which, passing a current through itself, creates a field. It, in turn, forms induced high-frequency currents in the dishes. Guidance occurs due to lines of force through the bottom of the dishes. Therefore, for such plates you need specialized kitchen utensils.

Apparently, the principle of operation of induction models differs significantly from other options. Which technique is better?

Advantages and disadvantages

Connecting the electric plate to the network is inevitable regardless of the type. Let's consider each variant from the point of view of merits and lacks at operation.

Enamelled

They differ in simplicity of construction, moderate cost and easy repair at a low price. For washing, the usual, available cleaning agents are used. As for the disadvantages, the open spiral - the danger of getting an electric shock at the time of operation, often requires the replacement of a spiral. For cast iron minus - a long time of heating and cooling, respectively, increased electricity costs.

Glass-ceramic

The cooking surface has a high thermal conductivity, which allows you to heat dishes and food much faster than the classical version does, and this significantly reduces the cost of electricity. Possibility of setting the exact heating. The heating element is protected by a glass-ceramic coating, which significantly extends its life. Care of the surface is much easier, it has a perfectly flat plane. The price of such a plan is much higher, more expensive and more difficult to repair, abrasives and cleaning powders are contra-indicated for washing, special dishes with a flat, smooth bottom are required for cooking. If the model provides for low beads, then during a spill, it can leak to the floor.

Induction models

In terms of energy savings, the most advantageous option. The burners start to heat up only when there is a pan on the stove, if it is removed, an automatic shutdown occurs. Otherwise, this type of equipment has the advantages of glass ceramic models, but the price for repairs and the equipment itself is much higher. Moreover, to the dishes one more requirement is required - magnetic properties.

When choosing a particular model, you should pay attention to the technical data, to find out whether it is possible to connect the electric plate to the existing wiring (outlet).

Important characteristics when choosing

Acquiring new equipment, should rely on a number of technical data:

• Dimensions. It is necessary to measure 3 parameters: width, depth, height.
• Power consumption. Depending on the manufacturer, model, availability of the oven, it can range from 1.5 kW to 8 kW. It is better to take a class no lower than "A". Such equipment will save on power consumption. These data are indicated in the passport for the equipment.
• Equipment. The presence of a cable and a plug from the factory. Most often they are absent.

All other parameters are selected based on personal preferences.

Having identified with the model, perform an audit of the existing electrical wiring. If the power of the equipment does not coincide with the section of the cable, it will be necessary to replace it.

Terms of connection

Modern plates have a lot of power, so before you buy the chosen model, you need to evaluate the existing wiring system. Most often this technique is sold without a plug and wire, because the connection of the plate electric plants are provided in three ways. The required one is selected on site, to which a number of requirements are made.

It is necessary to have a free end of the wire in place of up to 2 meters. This will allow you to further move the equipment for repair work or for washing the floor under it.

The cross-section of the cable must correspond to the declared power consumption. Even better, if the stock is laid. This is especially true for intensive use of cookers and ovens.

The cable must be solid, free of adhesions and joints.

The wiring for the plate is fed separately, and a separate machine must be provided in the shield.

Regardless of the model, household appliances are often connected through a power outlet. But first let's see what cable is needed to connect the electric cooker.

Wire selection

In multi-apartment buildings, single-phase connection of slabs is most often envisaged, so builders leave a free end of the wire with a cross-section of 4 mm ² . Such parameters are suitable for plates with a power not exceeding 13 kW.

If the wiring is not provided, it is obsolete, then it is necessary to select the correct wire for connecting the electric cooker, which must meet the following parameters.

The veins should only be copper (established by the regulatory document of the PUE 7.1.34).

The number of cores is important. For apartments most often there is a single-phase connection, the cable for it is taken three-core (phase L, zero N, PE ground). In private houses, a three-phase, five-core cable (three phases L1 L2 L3, zero N, PE ground) can be provided.

The cross-section of the wire for the 220 V network must be at least 6 square meters. Mm, according to SP 31-110-2003 (item 9.2). This is an average value, the value can vary in both directions, depending on the technical data of the plate itself. For three-phase installation, the cable must be a five-core section of at least 2.5 square meters. Mm. Determine the cross-section of the cable by using special calculators or tables.

Cable brand is required VVG; VVG-ng; PVA; ShVV. To connect the plate to the network, you can use PVA or KG.

The laying of the wire must be carried out separately.

It is necessary to have a separate machine in the shield. RCDs for regulatory documents can not be set for household appliances. But considering that the electric stove is an increased source of danger, it is better to provide. The automatic machine for a single-phase installation is selected with a rated current of 32 A (RCD at 40 A), for three-phase - a three-pole automatic machine at 16 A, a RCD of 25 A.

The cable for connecting the electric cooker must be laid in a separate line, it can not be hung with other points (sockets, lighting). Most often, hidden wire is used.

Selection and installation of power outlet

Determining which cable is needed to connect the electric stove, choose a power outlet.

It must meet the following requirements:

• The rated current of the socket and plug must correspond to the parameters of the machine and the number of wires;
• The type of power outlet depends on the method of laying the cable (hidden or open);
• Should buy a product made of high-quality non-combustible materials.

It should be noted a number of points for installing the outlet:

• Installation is carried out on a flat, non-flammable surface;
• Do not install near hot surfaces, heating system, water supply;
• The connection of the conductors must be carried out according to the scheme, not confusing the colors;
• Screw terminals must firmly fix the contacts;
• After installation, check for a short circuit.

After installing the sockets begin to install the equipment itself.

Installation and connection of the electric cooker

After the delivery of the equipment, it should be unpacked and checked for completeness, no visible discard. Before you start, it is worthwhile to carefully study the instructions and the wiring diagram. Remove unnecessary components, set by level.

Unscrew the panel covering the terminals on the back of the equipment. There are also duplicated three connection schemes.

As mentioned earlier, rarely do manufacturers supply household models with a wire and power plug. Therefore, the purchase of a cable and a power outlet with a plug is done by yourself. Consider three ways how to make the connection of an electric gas cooker yourself.

Single-phase

With this installation, the phase (red) is connected to terminals L1, L2, L3. Since the wire is three-core, then bridges are installed on the contacts (they come complete with equipment). On N1, N2 set a zero (blue) and a copper jumper. PE - earth (green). All the contacts are tightened, the cable is fixed with a special clamp. The lid is installed back. In the outlet there are 3 contacts: the upper one is the ground, the two lower ones are the phase and zero.

Three-phase

It differs from the previous phase connection. There is a wire for each terminal. Observe the color according to the scheme. All the rest is made analogous to single-phase.

Two-phase

At phase L1, L2 we put a jumper and connect one of the ends of the phase, on L3 - the second. The rest of the installation is similar to the previous two.

After installation, a test run must be carried out according to the instructions for the equipment.

Connecting the electric cooker independently will not cause difficulties, if you follow the instructions and safety during installation. All work must be performed with a dead system.

Features of mounting of some brands

Connection of Gorenje electric cooker can be made both on a single-phase circuit and on three-phase circuit. Everything depends on the possibilities of the power network. All the steps are described above. The connection of the Hansa electric cooker also has no special features and is carried out according to the general scheme.

It is worth paying special attention to the warranty obligations. Incorrect installation can lead to equipment failure, and this will be the reason for the refusal of the service center to carry out a free repair. Therefore, if you are not sure of your abilities, it is better to carry out the installation by a specialist who has a special license for such work. In the passport, a note is made on the connection in case of misunderstandings.

Connecting the gas cooker

The design of this technique allows the use of both the electrical network and the gas. There are two versions: with mounting to the gas distribution network and a gas cylinder. It should be noted that a special permit will be required to use gas equipment in an apartment building in which such a system is not provided.

The rest can be noted two important points: connection to the gas distribution network must be performed by a specialist gas supplier company, which places an appropriate mark on the passport. In the future this organization carries out maintenance of the equipment. Installation to the network does not impose special requirements. For combined boards, enough Euro-outlets with a grounding of 16 A.

Conclusion

As you can see, you can independently connect the household electric cooker yourself.

But if you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to turn to a specialist. In the future, this will reduce the cost of paid repair of equipment due to improper installation.

So, we found out how the electrical (gas) plate is connected with our own hands.