Composition of the Central Federal District. Position of the Central Federal District

The Central Federal District includes 18 territorial entities. And for this reason it is the largest by their number. In the Central Federal District there are no republics, only regions and the only city of federal significance, which is the capital of our country, Moscow. By the way, it is not only the largest city of the whole district, but also its administrative center. However, everything in order.

Features

Before considering the composition of the Central Federal District, it is worth noting the features that distinguish it.

So, the CFA was formed on May 13, 2000. He does not have access to any sea and, accordingly, the ocean. But nevertheless, this is the largest district in terms of population and number of territorial entities, as mentioned above. A little more than 39 million people live in the Central Federal District. This is approximately 26.7% of the total number of Russian citizens. The density, by the way, is ~ 60.14 people per km².

The Central Federal District includes two major economic regions, including 310 cities. This is the Central Black Earth and Central regions. The area occupied by them is 650 205 km2. This is approximately 3.8% of the entire territory of Russia. But, despite such small dimensions, the CFD is the basic macroregion of the whole country.

Capital

As already mentioned above, Moscow is part of the Central Federal District. It occupies the smallest area, if compared with other subjects of the Central Federal District - only 2,511 km². But, despite this, in Moscow there are on average 10 times more people than in other areas of the district. In the capital, there are 12,330,126 people, according to the latest statistics.

What can you tell about Moscow? After all, this is the capital, and that says it all. But still it is worth noting that the city is the largest in the all-Russian scale financial center and one of the largest business metropolises in the world. And perhaps, it would not be superfluous to say that Moscow is in the first place among all cities on our planet by the number of dollar billionaires residing on its territory. There are 79 of them here. In any case, as of 2011.

And of course, Moscow is the largest transport hub of Russia. For the year the volume of passenger traffic is about 11 500 000 000 people.

Moscow region

This is the next most densely populated subject of the Central Federal District after the capital. The area of the region is about 44.4 thousand km ². Resides in this area about 7.32 million people.

By the volume of GRP, the Moscow region is on the third place among all Russian subjects. This is a well-developed region, which, by the way, is facilitated by the neighborhood with the capital. On the one hand, this fact plays a positive role. But on the other - the capital takes over the labor resources of the region. Simply, many people living in the MO are working in a metropolis. And for this reason, it is the Moscow budget that receives their taxes.

The industry is well developed in this region. In particular, metal working and mechanical engineering. It produces rocket and space equipment, nuclear and thermal power equipment, main diesel locomotives, electric trains, buses, wagons, excavators and much more.

Other regions and their significance

The Central Federal District of Russia also includes the Lipetsk region, a region located on the territory that has been inhabited since the time of the Upper Paleolithic (40-12 thousand years ago). So the scientists assure. 85% of the region's territory is covered with chernozem, and even here 300 deposits of minerals have been identified. According to the reserves of carbonate raw materials, LO is the leader of the Russian Federation.

Talking about the composition of the federal districts, we can not fail to note the Ivanovo region entering the Central Federal District. After all, 32.8% of light industry products are produced on its territory from the all-Russian volume (indicator No. 1).

Oryol region is also included in the Central Federal District. It is distinguished by its economy, which has a pronounced agrarian-industrial character.

Also in the Central Federal District includes Tula region. This is one of the most socially disadvantaged regions. Low birth rate, increased mortality, a large number of accidents, poor ecology, and more than 420 thousand people (and there are ~ 1,500,000 citizens in total) are pensioners. But here the food industry is developed. The most striking example is the confectionery factory "Yasnaya Polyana", which produces famous in all Russia gingerbread.

Features of larger areas

Few federal constituencies can boast of such a variety of territorial entities as the CFD. Not all areas have been listed above.

There is also Belgorod. It is special in that about 40% of the iron ore reserves of the Russian Federation are concentrated in its territory. A good ecological situation is observed in the Kaluga region. 75.6% of its territory is occupied by sod-podzolic soils. 45.2% of the space is occupied by forests, and the total stock of wood, in this regard, is 267 700 000 m³.

In the Vladimir region, the ecological situation is bad, but mechanical engineering is well developed. Due to this sphere, about 40% of the industrial product is created.

Another part of the Central Federal District (CFD) includes the Kursk and Tambov regions. The main activity of the first is the extraction and enrichment of ore, as well as in engineering. The industry of the Tambov region is recognized as one of the leading sectors of the regional economy.

Bryansk region is known for highly developed railway transport and radio electronics. And also timber processing. The Yaroslavl Region, which also largely determines the important position of the Central Federal District, is one of the most highly industrialized regions. About 300 local enterprises are of national importance. In addition, this region is known for good mineral resources (thin tapeworms, quartz sand, peat, gravel, etc.) are common here.

Finally

As can be seen, the Central Federal District is quite solid economically. The composition of the regions, as well as their features, is useful to know. But not yet mentioned the last 5 regions. But they are also important.

The Ryazan region, for example, is known for its 103.5 thousand hectares of important natural territories. And protected, respectively. In the Smolensk region is well developed livestock milk-meat direction. Agricultural lands occupy about 1 750 000 hectares!

Voronezh region is the absolute leader in the whole country for employment. Kostromskaya is known for the presence of the largest enterprises in Russia specializing in the production of lifting and oil and gas equipment. And finally, the Tver region, the last. In its territory, the manufacturing industry, construction and trade are developed.

What conclusion can be drawn? Single-valued. All the regions that make up the CFD are, in their own way, special and valuable. And thanks to each of them, the Central Federal District is the most highly developed in Russia.