Chita Region, Transbaikalia

Several centuries ago, the territory on which the Chita region was today spread was first settled by the Evenki tribes, and later by the Buryats. Since the eighteenth century Transbaikalia began to settle immigrants, including exiled Old Believers.

In 1782 there was the Irkutsk governorate, and since 1852 - Transbaikalia with the capital - the city of Chita. The region in 1870 already forms three districts: Selenginskiy, Barguzinsky and Chita.

Since the nineteenth century, the main industrial industry has become mining. A lot of convicts worked at the factories and mines.

The Chita region became known as the place of exile of the Decembrists after the insurrection in December 1825. The Bestuzhev brothers, N. Muraviev, M. Lunin, A. Yakubovich, S. Volkonsky were exiled here, and later their wives also joined them: Trubetskoi, Volkonskaya, Murav'eva.

It was the Decembrists that influenced the further development of the culture of this region.

Some cities in the Chita region are of regional importance. These are Chita, Borzya, Boli, Krasnokamensk and Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky, which grew up and developed around the iron foundry. It was here that from 1830 to 1839 and served their penal servitude Decembrists, who were transferred here from Chita. In the old city there are still buildings showing that these heroic people are here. And in the city cemetery you can see the graves of the Decembrist Gorbachevsky, the crypt-chapel of his wife N. Muraviev.

In 1980 (according to a few documents), it was possible to restore the house where E. Trubetskaya lived, later they opened a museum, and near the railway there is a small memorial cemetery of some Decembrists.

The Chita region is located in the taiga and steppe zones. The greater part of its territory is occupied by taiga forests, in which cedar and dahurian larch, birch, pine grow. In the thickets you can find a sable, a column, an ermine, brown bears, lynx, wapiti are found here.

It is in this area that there are such protected areas as the Daursky and Sokhondinsky nature reserves, as well as the mineral resorts Darasun, Molokovka, Shivanda, etc.

The Chita region is rich in mineral springs, which are more than three hundred on its territory. They are diverse: they are thermal nitrogen sources, and cold carbonates, and with medium and weak mineralization.

The Chita region has a very important geopolitical significance. It borders at once with two states - Mongolia and China.

The main transport arteries leading to the eastern borders of Russia, such as the highway "Chita-Khabarovsk", "Transsib" pass through this region, and almost seventy percent of all land freight from China is transported through the bordering Zabaikalsk.

Those who are fortunate enough to visit the Chita region - this hospitable, hospitable and hospitable region, do not get tired of admiring the simply exceptional beauty of these places. In the opinion of the majority of tourists who come here, it is on this territory that one can find the largest number of arshans, the Sohondinsky reserve - the largest and most famous one, Onon - the majestic river, the most beautiful taiga, which has neither borders nor limits, majestic mountains covered with a pink haze Flowering ledum, the most brilliant lakes, endless meadows, the most mushroom forests and berry padi. And a very Russian people who love their land!