Characterization of the meaning of the word "close". A close courtyard, a jacket, a contact ...

This adjective is known in Russia from the 11th century, its meaning was then the same as now. According to the basic explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, the word "close" has six meanings.

Space

The first meaning of the lexeme can be explained with the help of synonyms "limited, narrow, uneasy". Space, volume, in which there is not enough space, is characterized as a cramped: narrow house, courtyard, cabin, wigwam, cramped apartment, street, tent. Example: "The way to the office of Ivan Ilyich ran through a narrow entrance hall."

Accommodation

Synonyms of the second meaning of this word are lexemes "dense, compact, compact, compact, closed". In this case, the meaning of the word indicates close objects located close to each other: a close order, a series, close embrace. Example: "We went to the demonstration in a crowded crowd."

The size

The third meaning of the word "cramped" can be put on a par with synonyms "pinched, burly, narrow, not free". That is, it is something that has a size smaller than necessary, something uncomfortable, restraining movement. In this sense, the word is used most often in relation to shoes and clothes: tight trousers, boots, etc. Examples: "Sema waved his arms funny, his shoes were worn out, his jacket was tight". "A tight collar squeezed his neck, preventing him from working."

Relations

The next group of meanings is metaphors. Close is called a very close relationship. Synonyms: "intimate, intimate". Then they talk about close ties, friendship, close fellowship, cooperation. Example: "My close relationships with believers were learned by parents and teachers." A narrow circle of like-minded people, united by common interests and including a few, is also, of course, close.

Close contact and influence

Quite close to the above-mentioned value is another one, which points to the mutual influence of one phenomenon (concept) on another. In this context, one can talk about the close connection of atoms and molecules, flora and fauna, man and nature, etc. Images, recreated by artists from different countries and epochs, are closely related to the mores and ideals of their time. Example: "All the actions of a reasonable person are closely related to his moral values."

Life difficulties

And one more lexical meaning of this word is the description of complex life circumstances, difficulties. Examples: "I am extremely constrained in the means". "Because of debts, we were in a tight position."

Grammatical portrait of a word

This is a qualitative adjective that can be inclined, has degrees of comparison, and also a short and full form. The strengthened connotation is transmitted by a combination of "close-cramped" or "prestesny".

Lexeme correspond in its various meanings to such phraseological units: "there is nowhere to fall an apple," "it seams at the seams," "do not spill water".