Cargo lift for mine

The evolution of the means of recovery from mines and shafts originates from the appearance of mining as such. The need to extract minerals on the surface forced engineers to develop special mechanisms and designs. The first systems of this kind were mechanical and set in motion by muscular effort. The modern shaft hoist performs the same tasks, but it has high capacity, load capacity and the availability of effective safety systems.

General information about mine hoists

The design of these mines and the principle of operation resembles the function of a conventional elevator. In the structure of the lift, a cab or a platform on which the cargo is located is necessarily provided. In this case, there are many differences from conventional means of this kind. First, the unit is oriented to work with large masses. Secondly, the action of the mechanisms that drive the platform or the cabin differs. In this sense, it is worth noting the division of the type of auxiliary infrastructure. There are shaft mast lifts and cargo models. The differences between them are in the nature of the technical implementation of the channel, through which the site is moved. In the case of mast devices, the use of a rack is assumed, along which a rise in height takes place.

Classical cargo mechanisms assume the movement along the channel in a structure that supports the cabin on all sides. But in this case, because of the massiveness of the auxiliary infrastructure, the mine hoist is characterized by less capacity. Similar complexes are more often used for lifting people and as emergency elevators.

Types of mine hoists

In addition to the differences in the approaches to the execution of the mine itself, the lifts have many other features that determine the corresponding classifications. For example, recently there has been a departure from the technology of using single-channel systems. The use of several communication lines makes it possible to optimize mine hoists, from the point of view of mass, by eliminating the reduction gears. As a result, the cost of machinery is also reduced. Also, there are different mechanisms by the type of stabilizers of the rope mass. Today, the application of dynamic and static balancing principles is practiced.

There is also a classification according to the purpose of the lifts. In the category of trucks, you can identify the main channels through which the extraction of the bulk of the fossil is carried out, and auxiliary ones. The second type is a mine hoist, which can be used to work with the breed, and to accommodate people.

Lift device

Any installation for lifting through the shaft shaft has a complex system, including several interconnected units and assemblies. As a rule, the list of basic mechanisms includes a vessel, coiling elements, propulsion system and a set of pulleys. A separate group of devices provides the interface between the functional components. To realize this infrastructure, the mine hoist is equipped with the mentioned ropes, shaft lines and couplings. The structural base is usually represented by a supporting platform, which may be flat or in the form of a pit. To control the design, special push-button stations are used.

Main Characteristics of a Freight Lift

One of the main performance characteristics of cargo lifts is the power of the power unit. In the latest modifications, designers use electric motors up to 5W. Also common are asynchronous electric motors, the power potential of which varies on average from 1 to 2 W. Such power factors cause high-speed modes from 12 to 20 m / sec. As for the possibilities of working with the mass, the shaft-type hoist is able to carry out the extraction of cargo up to 70 tons. There are also models with higher load capacities, but these are usually single units for specialized needs. The height of the trunk can be up to 2 km.

Security Systems

Since mining primarily assumes high risks, lift manufacturers pay special attention to safety systems. Without fail, modern designs are supplied with braking devices. Such devices are activated in cases of rope breakage. By the way, such risks in many respects caused the transition to multichannel cargo lifts. Mine complexes of this type are distinguished by reliability and stability when performing lifting. As ancillary safety systems, limit switches are also used , which block the launch of the site, if the personnel did not fix the doors and doors of the cabin. Automated systems have special modes of operation in the event of failure of certain mechanisms and controls.

Conclusion

The cargo lift is by far the main type of technical means that allows the extraction of minerals from the bowels of the earth. The only alternative to vertical systems is the inclined shafts that transport the rock and workers at an angle. Such designs are characterized by higher performance and reliability, but their implementation is not always possible. Therefore, a vertical mine hoist lift remains the main transportation object in mining. The efforts of most mining enterprises are aimed at technological improvement of such complexes. Developing and carrying components, and control posts, and power mechanisms on which the dynamic qualities of the lifts depend. Since the regular exploitation of mining equipment is not expensive in terms of energy costs, engineers are also looking for more rational approaches to the implementation of propulsion systems.